Do different factors explain self-rated health in men and women?
Do different factors explain self-rated health in men and women?
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DOI：
10.1016/s1550-8579(06)80218-4
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Elofsson, Stig
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Unden, Anna-Lena;Elofsson, Stig
背景技术背景：自评健康引起了人们的特别关注，因为许多研究表明，自评健康是未来死亡率的有力预测因素，男性的预测能力高于女性。自测健康和生物学相关性之间的关联似乎也存在差异，男性和女性之间，原因不明。目的：本研究的目的是通过比较男性和女性对国外一系列感知健康决定因素的关联与他们对健康的陈述，来检查在解释和/或评估健康相关信息方面的性别差异。我们在瑞典斯德哥尔摩随机选择了8200名年龄>17岁的男性和女性进行了一项横断面研究。受试者接受了120项问卷调查，其中包括措施的卫生保健利用，生活方式，人口统计学，心理社会因素，心理，功能，和身体health.RESULTS：在5470人谁回答了问卷调查，大多数的42个潜在的相关性（41为男性，40为女性）显着相关的自测健康。男性和女性的整体关联模式惊人地相似。然而，一些小的差异出现：教育水平，体育活动和文化活动在男性判断他们的健康时起着更重要的作用，而对睡眠和医生访问的满意度在女性判断他们的健康时起着更重要的作用。这些结果在包括所有变量的回归分析中也得到了大部分证实。相关性解释了50%的方差在自测健康的男性和女性。结论：我们的研究结果强调了采取广泛的视角对潜在的相关性时，自我评价的健康分析机制的必要性。在判断自己的健康状况时，男性和女性似乎考虑的因素大致相同。关联模式的相似性表明，男性和女性在陈述健康状况时，对健康相关因素的解释和/或价值相似。这些结果可能会影响医学界对自测健康的接受或考虑。了解自我健康评估中涉及的性别特异性机制可能有助于促进健康保护行为和健康干预实践。
BACKGROUND: Self-rated health has elicited special interest, in the wake of a number of studies demonstrating that it is a powerful predictor of future mortality, mare so for men than for women. The association between self-rated health and biological correlates also appears to differ between men and women, for reasons unknown.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in the interpretation and/or valuation of health-related information by comparing men and women's association of abroad array of perceived health determinants with their statements about health.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a randomly selected population of 8200 men and women aged >17 years in Stockholm, Sweden. Subjects received a 120-item questionnaire that included measures of health care utilization, lifestyle, demographics, psychosocial factors, and mental, functional, and physical health.RESULTS: Among the 5470 people who responded to the questionnaire, most of the 42 potential correlates (41 for men, 40 for women) were significantly correlated to self-rated health. The overall association pattern was surprisingly similar for men and women. However, some small differences appeared: educational level, physical activity, and cultural activities played a more crucial role when men judged their health, whereas satisfaction with sleep and doctor visits played a more crucial role when women judged their health. These results were also for the most part confirmed in regression analyses that included all variables. The correlates explained 50% of the variance in self-rated health for both men and women.CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight the necessity of taking a broad perspective on potential correlates when analyzing mechanisms of self-rated health. When judging their own health, men and women appear to consider approximately the same broad array of factors. The similarities in association patterns indicate that men and women interpret and/or value health-related factors similarly when making statements about health. These results may influence the medical profession's acceptance or consideration of self-rated health. Understanding the gender-specific mechanisms involved in the assessment of self-rated health may contribute to the promotion of health-protective behavior and health intervention practices.