Water Scarcity and Water Use in Economic Systems in Zhangye City, Northwestern China
Water Scarcity and Water Use in Economic Systems in Zhangye City, Northwestern China
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DOI：
10.1007/s11269-009-9401-x
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Yong Wang;Hong Xiao;Ruifang Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yong Wang;Hong Xiao;Ruifang Wang
水在中国西北地区一直被认为是一种稀缺资源，大多数水资源短缺的研究都集中在水资源的有限性上。在投入产出分析的基础上，建立了若干用水指标，分析了经济活动与水资源之间的结构关系及其物理联系。这些指标使我们能够计算每个部门的总用水量，并区分直接和间接用水量，从而有可能追踪间接用水量的来源。本文以张掖市为例，探讨了该地区缺水问题的成因。结果表明，张掖市农业发展和进出口贸易结构不合理是造成水资源日益短缺的主要原因。因此，张掖的缺水问题似乎并不一定是必然的，而是资源利用、协调和资源管理不当的结果。
Water has traditionally been considered a physically scarce resource in Northwestern China, and most investigations of water scarcity focus on the finite nature of water supplies. Based on the input–output analysis, this paper establishes a number of indicators of water consumption to analyze the structural relationships between economic activities and their physical relationships with the water resources. These indicators allow us to calculate the level of total water consumed by each sector and to distinguish between direct and indirect consumption, thus, offering the possibility of tracing the source of indirect water consumption. By drawing on the water consumption in Zhangye, a city situated in Northwestern China which is characterized by water shortage, we have discussed how the “problem” of scarcity has been constructed in this area. It is shown that the expanding agriculture and the unsuitable trade structure of exports and imports are likely to be responsible for the increasing scarcity of water in Zhangye. As a result, it seems that the problem of water scarcity in Zhangye is not necessarily a given, but instead the results of poor resource use, coordination and inadequate resource management.