Estimating the relative hazard by the ratio of logarithms of event-free proportions
Estimating the relative hazard by the ratio of logarithms of event-free proportions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cct.2008.06.002
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Perneger, Thomas V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Perneger, Thomas V.
临床试验通常检查干预措施与临床事件发生之间的关联。这种关联经常被报道为相对风险，很少被报道为比值比。不幸的是，当科学的兴趣在于发病率的比率时，这两个统计数据都是不准确的：比值比太极端，相对风险太保守。当结果是共同的时，这些偏见尤其强烈。本文描述了一种替代统计量，即无事件比例的对数比（或相对对数存活率），它计算简单，但相对于相对危险度无偏。本文还提供了计算这一统计量的抽样误差的公式。多变量分析可以使用互补对数-对数回归进行。这些分析不需要事件发生时间的精确知识。相对对数生存期可能对试验的荟萃分析特别有用，其中研究之间的事件比例不同。(C)2008年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Clinical trials typically examine associations between an intervention and the occurrence of a clinical event. The association is often reported as a relative risk, more rarely as an odds ratio. Unfortunately, when the scientific interest lies with the ratio of incidence rates, both these statistics are inaccurate: the odds ratio is too extreme, and the relative risk too conservative. These biases are particularly strong when the outcomes are common. This paper describes an alternative statistic, the ratio of logarithms of event-free proportions (or relative log survival), which is simple to compute yet unbiased vis-a-vis the relative hazard. A formula to compute the sampling error of this statistic is also provided. Multivariate analysis can be conducted using complementary log-log regression. Precise knowledge of event occurrence times is not required for these analyses. Relative log survival may be particularly useful for meta-analyses of trials in which the proportion of events varies between studies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.