Farmers' insect pest management practices and pesticidal plant use in the protection of stored maize and beans in Southern Africa
Farmers' insect pest management practices and pesticidal plant use in the protection of stored maize and beans in Southern Africa
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DOI：
10.1080/09670874.2010.522264
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Stevenson, Philip C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamanula, John;Sileshi, Gudeta W.;Stevenson, Philip C.
虫害造成的储存损失威胁着非洲各地农民的生计。如果使用得当，合成杀虫剂可以有效控制，但资源贫乏的农民负担不起。在赞比亚东部和马拉维北方开展了一项调查，了解农民对储存玉米和豆类害虫的民族生态知识，以及他们的害虫管理做法，包括使用杀虫植物。几乎所有受访者都报告了严重的害虫损害，包括豆象（Callosobruchus maculatus）和谷物象鼻虫（Sitophilus spp.）分别是豆类和玉米的主要害虫。据报道，较大的谷物螟（截形前谷螟）在马拉维更为广泛。在赞比亚，50%的农民在储存期间使用合成农药，而在马拉维几乎所有人都这样做。尽管马拉维和赞比亚的储存方法不同，但这两个国家的农民都熟悉杀虫植物，其中非洲毛豆是最常见的报道。令人惊讶的是，很少有农民真正使用杀虫植物，这突出了一个推广机会。我们的研究结果为优化杀虫植物的使用和提高其对非洲资源贫乏的农民的价值奠定了基础。
Storage losses due to pests threaten livelihoods of farmers across Africa. Synthetic pesticides provide effective control when used correctly but resource-poor farmers cannot afford them. A survey of farmer ethno-ecological knowledge of pests of stored maize and bean, and their pest management practices including pesticidal plant use, was conducted in eastern Zambia and northern Malawi. Almost all respondents reported serious pest damage, with bruchids (Callosobruchus maculatus) and grain weevils (Sitophilus spp.) being major pests in beans and maize, respectively. The larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus) was reported more widely in Malawi. In Zambia, 50% of farmers used synthetic pesticides during storage, while nearly all did so in Malawi. Despite differences in storage methods between Malawi and Zambia, farmers in both countries were familiar with pesticidal plants, where Tephrosia vogelii was the most frequently reported. Surprisingly few farmers actually used pesticidal plants, highlighting a promotion opportunity. Our results provide a foundation for optimizing the use of pesticidal plants and enhancing their value to resource-poor farmers, across Africa.