Studies on the Maturation-Physiology and Storage of Fruits and Vegetables
Studies on the Maturation-Physiology and Storage of Fruits and Vegetables
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果蔬成熟生理及贮藏研究
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs.49.608
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Ishiguro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Kitamura;T. Iwata;Tadaaki Fukushima;Y. Furukawa;T. Ishiguro
以3种梨品种为试材，研究了梨果实成熟过程中呼吸强度、乙烯释放量、内源乙烯浓度和果肉硬度的变化。变种紫花苜蓿（Bartlett，La France and Winter Nelis），Pyrus pyrus pyrus pyrus.变种culta（Yakumo、Nijisseiki、Niitaka和Kikusui）、乌苏梨Maxim.变种sinesis菊池（Ya-li，Rai-Yan-Tus-li和Auto-li）。果实在不同成熟阶段采摘2-3次，并在20° C下储存。三个品种的P.communis，Bartlett，La France和Winter Nelis表现出典型的呼吸跃变型。在法国和冬季内利斯的呼吸和乙烯生产都远远低于在巴特维尔。不同成熟期采收的梨、八云和菊水果实呼吸强度均呈上升趋势;商品采收成熟期采收的二圣和新高果实呼吸强度不上升，而未成熟期采收的果实呼吸强度上升。八云的乙烯释放量随着呼吸强度的增加而增加，而其它3个品种在整个试验期间乙烯释放量都维持在很低的水平，而二精的乙烯处理在采摘后立即引起呼吸强度的增加。这种效应仅在外源乙烯存在下持续，且在贮藏1个月后再次乙烯处理的同一果实中也能再现，因此八云和菊水可归类为跃变型果实，而二次成和新高则为非跃变型果实.大青杨的3个品种：鸭梨、来燕祖梨和奥特梨表现出典型的跃变型，并伴随着乙烯释放量的增加。
The changes in respiration rates, ethylene production, internal ethylene concen trations and flesh firmness were investigated during the maturation and ripening periods of pear fruits, using 3 species and several cultivars, as follows: Pyrus communis L. var. sativa DC. (Bartlett, La France and Winter Nelis), Pyrus serotina Rehd. var. culta (Yakumo, Nijisseiki, Niitaka and Kikusui), Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. var. sinesis Kikuchi (Ya-li, Rai-Yan-Tsu-li and Auto-li). The fruits were picked 2-3 times at different stages of maturity and stored at 20°C.1. Three cultivars of P.communis, Bartlett, La France, and Winter Nelis showed a typical climacteric pattern of respiration. Respiration and ethylene production in both La France and Winter Nelis were much lower than in Bartlett.2. Among P.serotina, Yakumo and Kikusui fruits picked at two different stages of maturity showed a rise in respiration; respiration didn′t rise in Nijisseiki and Niitaka fruits picked at commercial harvest maturity, but did in fruits picked at the immature stage. Ethylene production in Yakumo increased with rising respiration, but the other 3 cultivars maintained a very low level of production during the experimental period.In Nijisseiki, exogenous ethylene treatment caused a rise in respiration immedi ately after picking. This effect continued only in the presence of exogenous ethylene, and could be reproduced in the same fruit when re-treated with ethylene after a month of storage.It was concluded that Yakumo and Kikusui can be classified as climacteric fruits, while Nijisseiki and Niitaka are non-climacteric fruits.3. Three cultivars of P.ussuriensis; Ya-li, Rai-Yan-Tsu-li and Auto-li showed a typical climacteric accompanying a rise in ethylene production.