Filling holes in peptidoglycan biogenesis of Escherichia coli.
Filling holes in peptidoglycan biogenesis of Escherichia coli.
复制标题
填补大肠杆菌肽聚糖生物发生中的漏洞。
DOI：
10.1016/j.mib.2016.07.010
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Ruiz,Natividad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ruiz,Natividad
摘要肽聚糖(PG)前体脂类II必须跨膜翻转。讨论了脂类II翻转酶的特性控制。大肠杆菌将PG的生物发生与其他被膜层的生长相协调。综述了近年来关于PG合成酶调控的研究。它是通过将二糖-五肽聚合成由多肽交联的糖链而构建在细胞质膜外的。二糖五肽被合成为脂质连接的前体，称为脂质II，它被输出到细胞质膜上，这样合成酶就可以制造新的糖链。肽多聚糖壁的生长需要仔细平衡糖链的合成和先前存在的结构的水解，以允许加入新的材料。最近对大肠杆菌的研究加深了我们对脂类II跨膜转运以及合酶如何调节以确保包膜正常生长的理解。
HighlightsPeptidoglycan (PG) precursor lipid II must be flipped across the membrane.Controversy about the identity of the lipid II flippase is discussed.Escherichia coli coordinates PG biogenesis with growth of other envelope layers.Recent studies about the regulation of PG synthases are reviewed.The peptidoglycan cell wall is an essential mesh-like structure in most bacteria. It is built outside the cytoplasmic membrane by polymerizing a disaccharide-pentapeptide into glycan chains that are crosslinked by peptides. The disaccharide-pentapeptide is synthetized as a lipid-linked precursor called lipid II, which is exported across the cytoplasmic membrane so that synthases can make new glycan chains. Growth of the peptidoglycan wall requires careful balancing of synthesis of glycan chains and hydrolysis of the preexisting structure to allow incorporation of new material. Recent studies in Escherichia coli have advanced our understanding of lipid II translocation across the membrane and how synthases are regulated to ensure proper envelope growth.