Impacts of Ultraviolet Radiation on Interactions Between Plants and Herbivorous Insects: A Chemo-Ecological Perspective
Impacts of Ultraviolet Radiation on Interactions Between Plants and Herbivorous Insects: A Chemo-Ecological Perspective
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-13145-5_12
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mueller, Caroline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuhlmann, Franziska;Mueller, Caroline
植物与昆虫的相互作用主要是由植物代谢物触发的，这些代谢物作为营养物质并影响接受行为。对于多面手食草动物来说，几种代谢物起到了喂食威慑或毒素的作用，而对于适应化合物的专家来说，它们可能是有吸引力和刺激性的。然而，植物天然产物的定性和定量组成会受到环境因素的强烈影响。一个重要的因素是紫外线(UV)辐射，它影响植物的形态和生理，因此也影响化学。在这篇综述中，简要总结了植物对紫外线的反应。然后介绍了植物食草动物相互作用中紫外线效应的研究方法。在主体部分，讨论了各类化合物的化学性质、它们在紫外线下的诱导性以及它们在植物昆虫相互作用中的作用。此外，还描述了紫外线对食草动物的直接影响以及昆虫对紫外线的视觉反应，并强调了三营养相互作用。紫外线引起的最显著的代谢变化发生在酚类物质中，而对生物碱和萜类化合物的影响则不太一致。在超过一半的研究中，研究表明，与在低紫外线条件下生长的植物相比，暴露在紫外线下的植物对食草动物的保护更好，但这种模式不能推广，也不能与酚类物质和暴露在紫外线下的植物浓度增加直接相关。只有很少的研究证明紫外线诱导的化合物与其对食草动物的影响之间存在明确的联系。总体而言，昆虫对不同紫外线挑战植物的反应具有高度的物种特异性，而且还取决于植物和昆虫的发育阶段。虽然许多研究已经研究了UV介导的植物昆虫相互作用，但对于UV辐射对植物引起的食草动物行为和性能变化的潜在机制仍缺乏了解。
Plant-insect interactions are mainly triggered by plant metabolites that serve as nutrients and influence acceptance behaviour. For generalist herbivores, several metabolites act as feeding deterrents or toxins, whereas they can be attractive and stimulatory for specialists that are adapted to the chemical compounds. However, the qualitative and quantitative composition of plant natural products can be strongly modified by environmental factors. One important factor is the ultraviolet (UV) radiation that affects plant morphology and physiology and consequently also chemistry. In this review, general plant responses to UV are shortly summarised. Then investigation methods of UV effects on plant herbivore interactions are presented. In the main part, various compound classes are discussed with regard to their chemical nature, their inducibility by UV and their role in plant insect interactions. Furthermore, direct effects of UV on herbivores as well as visual responses of insects to UV are delineated and tritrophic interactions are highlighted. The most pronounced metabolic changes caused by UV occur in phenolic substances, whereas effects on alkaloids and terpenoids are less consistent. In more than half of the studies, it has been shown that UV-exposed plants are better protected against herbivores than plants grown under low UV conditions, but this pattern cannot be generalised and it cannot be directly related to the increased concentrations of phenolic substances and UV-exposed plants. Only few studies proved a clear link between an UV-induced compound and its effect on an herbivore. Overall, insect responses to differently UV-challenged plants are highly species-specific and depend, furthermore, on the developmental stage of the plant and the insect. Although many studies have investigated UV-mediated plant insect interactions, there is still a lack of knowledge on the mechanisms underlying changes in herbivore behaviour and performance caused by UV irradiation on plants.