Tobacco control in Asia.
Tobacco control in Asia.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60854-5
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发表时间：
2013-05-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reddy KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mackay J;Ritthiphakdee B;Reddy KS
就本文而言，亚洲是指世卫组织东南亚和西太平洋区域的总和，因此包括澳大利亚和新西兰。亚洲拥有最多的烟草使用者，是跨国烟草公司的主要目标。全球烟草控制的未来取决于该区域，挑战是明确的。中国、印度和印度尼西亚是主要市场，亚洲在烟草控制措施（如香烟无装饰包装）方面走在前列。亚洲一些国家从20世纪70年代开始开展烟草控制活动，历史悠久，世卫组织西太平洋区域仍然是所有国家都批准世卫组织《烟草控制框架公约》的唯一区域。我们回顾了该地区烟草流行的历史、研究、流行病学、烟草控制行动、障碍以及可能的应对措施和解决办法。各国的发展水平、政府制度和人口规模差别很大，人口规模从1500亿到13亿不等，但在烟草流行、造成的危害、面临的障碍和需要采取的控烟行动等方面存在相似之处。
For the purpose of this article, Asia refers to WHO's combined South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions and thus includes Australia and New Zealand. Asia has the highest number of tobacco users and is the prime target of transnational tobacco companies. The future of global tobacco control rests in this region and the challenges are clear. China, India, and Indonesia are key markets and Asia is a frontrunner in tobacco control measures, such as plain packaging of cigarettes. Some countries in Asia have a long history of tobacco control activities beginning in the 1970s, and WHO's Western Pacific Region is still the only region where all countries have ratified WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. We reviewed the history, research, epidemiology, tobacco control action, obstacles, and potential responses and solutions to the tobacco epidemic in this region. Levels of development, systems of government, and population size are very different between countries, with population size ranging from 1500 to 1·3 billion, but similarities exist in aspects of the tobacco epidemic, harms caused, obstacles faced, and tobacco control actions needed.