Facultative nest patch shifts in response to nest predation risk in the Brewer's sparrow: a "win-stay, lose-switch" strategy?
Facultative nest patch shifts in response to nest predation risk in the Brewer's sparrow: a "win-stay, lose-switch" strategy?
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-010-1679-0
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Martin, Thomas E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chalfoun, Anna D.;Martin, Thomas E.
在筑巢栖息地的选择，以应对感知捕食风险的兼性变化可能会让动物增加无柄后代的生存概率。以往对这种行为策略的研究主要集中在单一属性上，如移动的距离或筑巢基质的变化。然而，巢址的选择往往包括多个栖息地要素在巢址和巢补丁规模。我们研究了在季节内重新筑巢的策略，多育雏鸣禽，布鲁尔的麻雀（Spizella breweri），以确定是否对利用“赢-留，输-开关”的决策规则，巢间距离，巢基板和/或巢补丁的特点，在以前的巢的命运。对移动顺序巢网站略远巢捕食与成功。当巢间距离被控制，但是，对改变巢补丁属性（灌木高度，潜在的巢灌木密度）与巢捕食的概率在更大程度上巢捕食比成功。该策略似乎是自适应的，每日巢的生存概率为以前掠夺对增加更大的欧几里得栖息地之间的距离尝试，而以前成功的对更有可能羽翼丰满的第二次尝试时，巢址是类似于以前的尝试。我们的研究结果表明，筑巢鸟类可以使用先验信息和季节内的可塑性，以响应巢捕食，以增加重新筑巢的成功，这可能是一个关键的行为策略在复杂的巢捕食环境。重新筑巢选址策略也出现了集成多个栖息地组件和巢间距离。考虑这种接近，兼性反应捕食风险可能会澄清往往无法解释的变化，栖息地的偏好和要求。
Facultative shifts in nesting habitat selection in response to perceived predation risk may allow animals to increase the survival probability of sessile offspring. Previous studies on this behavioral strategy have primarily focused on single attributes, such as the distance moved or changes in nesting substrate. However, nest site choice often encompasses multiple habitat elements at both the nest site and nest patch scales. We studied the within-season re-nesting strategy of a multi-brooded songbird, the Brewer's sparrow (Spizella breweri), to determine whether pairs utilized a "win-stay, lose-switch" decision rule with respect to inter-nest distance, nest substrate and/or nest patch characteristics in response to previous nest fate. Pairs moved sequential nest sites slightly farther following nest predation versus success. When inter-nest distance was controlled, however, pairs changed nest patch attributes (shrub height, potential nest shrub density) associated with probability of nest predation to a greater extent following nest predation than success. The strategy appeared to be adaptive; daily nest survival probability for previously depredated pairs increased with greater Euclidian habitat distances between attempts, whereas previously successful pairs were more likely to fledge second attempts when nest sites were similar to those of previous attempts. Our results suggest that nesting birds can use prior information and within-season plasticity in response to nest predation to increase re-nesting success, which may be a critical behavioral strategy within complex nest predator environments. Re-nesting site selection strategies also appeared to integrate multiple habitat components and inter-nest distances. The consideration of such proximate, facultative responses to predation risk may clarify often unexplained variation in habitat preferences and requirements.