Lactation mastitis: Occurrence and medical management among 946 breastfeeding women in the United States
Lactation mastitis: Occurrence and medical management among 946 breastfeeding women in the United States
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/155.2.103
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发表时间：
2002-01-15
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Schwartz, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foxman, B;D'Arcy, H;Schwartz, K
1994-1998年，作者对946名来自密歇根州和内布拉斯加州的母乳喂养妇女进行了产后3个月或直至停止母乳喂养的随访，以描述乳腺炎的发病率、治疗情况，以及乳腺炎发生与假设的宿主特征和行为之间的任何关联。参与者在产后3周、6周、9周和12周或直到她们停止母乳喂养时接受电话采访。在12周期间，总共有9.5%的人报告至少一次由医生诊断为哺乳期乳腺炎，其中64%是通过电话诊断的。调整后在逻辑回归模型中,乳腺炎的历史与前一个孩子(比值比(或)= 4.0,95%可信区间(CI): 2.64, 6.11),裂缝和乳头疼痛在同一周乳腺炎(OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.04, 5.51),使用抗真菌乳头霜(大概乳头鹅口疮)相同的三星期的间隔乳腺炎(OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.37, 8.54),和(女性没有之前乳腺炎历史)使用手动吸乳器(OR = 3.3, 95% CI:1.92, 5.62)强烈预测乳腺炎。无论是否在同一周或乳腺炎前一周喂养频率，每天喂养少于10次均具有保护作用（同一周：7-9次：or = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.41, 1.01；少于或等于6次：or = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.82）。喂养时间与乳腺炎风险无关。
In 1994-1998, the authors followed 946 breastfeeding women from Michigan and Nebraska for the first 3 months postpartum or until they stopped breastfeeding to describe mastitis incidence, mastitis treatment, and any associations between mastitis occurrence and hypothesized host characteristics and behaviors. Participants were interviewed by telephone at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postpartum or until they ceased breastfeeding. A total of 9.5% reported provider-diagnosed lactation mastitis at least once during the 12-week period, with 64% diagnosed via telephone. After adjustment in a logistic regression model, history of mastitis with a previous child (odds ratio (OR) = 4.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.64, 6.11), cracks and nipple sores in the same week as mastitis (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.04, 5.51), using an antifungal nipple cream (presumably for nipple thrush) in the same 3-week interval as mastitis (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.37, 8.54), and (for women with no prior mastitis history) using a manual breast pump (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.92, 5.62) strongly predicted mastitis. Feeding fewer than 10 times per day was protective regardless of whether or not feeding frequency in the same week or the week before mastitis was included in the model (for the same week: 7-9 times: OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.41, 1.01; less than or equal to6 times: OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.82). Duration of feeding was not associated with mastitis risk.