Residential green and blue space associated with better mental health: a pilot follow-up study in university students
Residential green and blue space associated with better mental health: a pilot follow-up study in university students
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DOI：
10.2478/aiht-2018-69-3166
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Dzhambov, Angel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dzhambov, Angel M.
以前的研究表明，自然的城市环境(绿地和蓝色空间)有利于心理健康，但只有少数纵向研究探索了潜在的机制。在这项先导性研究中，我们的目标是在普罗夫迪夫大学109名保加利亚学生中检验居住区绿地/蓝色空间与焦虑/抑郁症状之间的联系的机制/变量。学生从学年开始到学年结束(2017年10月至2018年5月)一直被跟踪。住宅绿地定义为住宅周围100、300和500m环形缓冲区内归一化差异植被指数(NDVI)的平均值。根据蓝色空间在相同缓冲区中的存在情况对其进行评估。焦虑/抑郁水平使用12个项目的一般健康问卷进行评估。被调查的中介变量包括居住噪声(L-空气质量)和空气污染(二氧化氮)、环境烦恼、邻里恢复质量、邻里社会凝聚力、体力活动和睡眠障碍。横断面数据(在基线时获得)表明，较高的NDVI仅通过较高的体力活动和恢复质量间接地与较好的精神健康相关。纵向(跟踪)数据显示心理健康得到改善，但中介变量没有显著影响。同样，在所有模型中，蓝色空间与更好的心理健康相关，但体力活动和恢复质量只在横断面分析中是重要的中介变量。我们的研究结果支持绿地和蓝色空间是城市环境中的心理恢复性特征。未来的研究应该在普通人群中复制这些发现，并采用针对所研究的特定机制量身定做的纵向模型。
Previous research has suggested that natural urban environment (green space and blue space) benefit mental health, but only a few longitudinal studies have explored the underlying mechanisms. In this pilot study we aimed to examine mechanisms/variables mediating associations between residential green/blue space and symptoms of anxiety/depression in 109 Bulgarian students from Plovdiv university. The students were followed from the beginning to the end of the school year (October 2017 to May 2018). Residential green space was defined as the mean of the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) in circular buffers of 100, 300, and 500 m around their residences. Blue space was assessed based on its presence in the same buffers. Levels of anxiety/depression were assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. The investigated mediator variables included residential noise (L-Aeq) and air pollution (NO2), environmental annoyance, perceived restorative quality of the neighbourhood, neighbourhood social cohesion, physical activity, and sleep disturbance. Cross-sectional data (obtained at baseline) showed that higher NDVI correlated with better mental health only indirectly through higher physical activity and restorative quality. Longitudinal (follow-up) data showed improved mental health but no significant effect of mediator variables. Similarly, blue space correlated with better mental health in all models, but physical activity and restorative quality were significant mediator variables only in the cross-sectional analysis. Our findings support that green space and blue space are psychologically restorative features in urban environment. Future research should replicate these findings in the general population and employ longitudinal modelling tailored to the specific mechanisms under study.