Climate Change Effect on Winter Temperature and Precipitation of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada from 1943 to 2011
Climate Change Effect on Winter Temperature and Precipitation of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada from 1943 to 2011
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DOI：
10.4236/ajcc.2013.24027
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发表时间：
2013-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Laing;Jacqueline Binyamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Laing;Jacqueline Binyamin
分析了1943-2011年南方涛动指数(SOI)、太平洋年代际涛动(PDO)、太平洋北美涛动(PNA)、北极涛动(AO)和斯堪的纳维亚涛动(SCAND)指数与冬季(DJF)气温和降水的相关性，以研究西北太平洋耶洛奈夫的气候变化和变率。SOI与温度(r=-0.14)和降水(r=-0.06)均呈负相关，导致在拉尼娜期间更冷、更干燥，在厄尔尼诺期间更温暖、更潮湿。PDO与温度(r=0.60)和降水(r=0.33)均有很强的正相关关系，使正相变暖、变湿，负相变冷、变干。PNA与温度(r=0.69)和降水(r=0.37)呈最强的正相关，正相时为极暖湿润，负相时为极冷干燥。气孔导度与温度呈负相关(r=-0.04)，与降水量呈正相关(r=0.24)，正相偏冷、偏湿，负相偏暖、偏干。SCAND与温度(r=-0.10)和降水(r=-0.18)呈弱负相关。太阳黑子面积与温度呈显著负相关(r=-0.30)，与年总降水量呈极弱正相关(r=0.07)。在过去的69年里，耶洛奈夫的年平均气温和降水量分别增加了2.5摄氏度和120毫米。
The correlation of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Pacific North American Oscillation (PNA), Arctic Oscillation (AO), and Scandinavia (SCAND) indices with winter (DJF) temperature and precipitation for the period of 1943 to 2011 was analyzed to study climate change and variability of Yellowknife, NWT. SOI correlated negatively with both temperature (r = -0.14) and precipitation (r = -0.06) causing colder, drier conditions during La Nina and warmer, wetter conditions during El Nino. PDO was shown to have a strong positive correlation with both temperature (r = 0.60) and precipitation (r = 0.33) causing warmer, wetter weather in the positive phase and colder, drier weather in the negative phase. PNA showed the strongest positive correlation for both temperature (r = 0.69) and precipitation (r = 0.37) causing very warm and wet conditions in the positive phase and very cold and dry conditions during the negative phase. AO correlated negatively with temperature (r = -0.04) and positively with precipitation (r = 0.24) causing colder, wetter conditions in the positive phase and warmer, drier conditions in the negative phase. Finally SCAND was shown to have a weak negative correlation with both temperature (r = -0.10) and precipitation (r = -0.18). Sunspot area showed a strong negative correlation (r = -0.30) with temperature and a very weak positive correlation (r = 0.07) with total annual precipitation. Yellowknife’s average annual temperature and precipitation has increased by 2.5°C and 120 mm, respectively throughout the past 69 years.