Prefrontal cortical networks related to visceral function and mood
Prefrontal cortical networks related to visceral function and mood
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09278.x
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Price, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Price, JL
在眶内侧前额叶皮质（OMPFC）中至少可以区分出22个结构区。虽然这些区域中的每一个都有不同的结构和连接，但它们可以被分成两个“网络”，由主要互连每个网络内区域的皮质-皮质连接定义。这些网络与纹状体、内侧丘脑和其他大脑区域也有不同的连接。眼眶网络由眼眶皮层的大部分区域组成。它接受几种感觉输入（嗅觉，味觉，内脏传入，躯体感觉和视觉），似乎与进食有关。它还接受来自杏仁核、内嗅和嗅周皮层以及下托的许多边缘系统输入，包括来自杏仁基底核腹外侧部分的特定投射。因此，眼眶网络可以作为整合内脏感觉信息与情感信号的基底。内侧网络由内侧额叶表面上的区域以及眶皮层中的一些选定区域组成。这些区域几乎没有直接的感觉输入，并且它们的边缘系统输入与轨道网络的输入有些不同（例如，来自杏仁基底核的腹内侧部分）。然而，它们提供了从OMPFC到下丘脑和脑干（特别是导水管周围灰质）的主要输出。因此，内侧网络可能作为内脏系统提供额叶皮质对自主神经和内分泌功能的影响。网络之间的连接可能使信息从内脏感觉系统传递到内脏系统。除了在饮食行为中可能起作用外，该系统似乎还参与指导行为和调节情绪。腹内侧前额叶皮层的损伤导致反社会行为和做出适当选择的困难，而功能成像研究表明，患有单极和双相抑郁症的受试者在内侧和眶前额叶区域有异常活动。在情绪障碍的受试者中，这些区域中的许多区域也显示出体积变化和胶质细胞数量和密度减少。
At least twenty two architectonic areas can be distinguished within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex (OMPFC). Although each of these areas has a distinct structure and connections, they can be grouped into two "networks," defined by cortico-cortical connections that primarily interconnect areas within each network. The networks also have different connections to the striatum, medial thalamus, and other brain regions. The orbital network consists of most of the areas In the orbital cortex. It receives several sensory inputs (olfactory, gustatory, visceral afferent, somatic sensory, and visual) that appear to be related to feeding. It also receives many limbic inputs from the amygdala, entorhinal and perirhinal cortex, and subiculum, including a specific projection from the ventrolateral part of the basal amygdaloid nucleus. The orbital network may therefore serve as a substrate to integrate viscerosensory information with affective signals. The medial network consists of areas on the medial frontal surface together with a few select areas in the orbital cortex. These areas have few direct sensory inputs, and their limbic inputs are somewhat different than those to the orbital network (e.g., from the ventromedial part of the basal amygdaloid nucleus). However, they provide the major output from the OMPFC to the hypothalamus and brain stem (especially the periaqueductal gray). The medial network may therefore serve as visceromotor system to provide frontal cortical influence over autonomic and endocrine function. Connections between the networks presumably allow information now from viscerosensory to visceromotor systems. In addition to a probable role in eating behavior, this system appears to be involved in guiding behavior and regulation of mood. Lesions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex result in sociopathic behavior and difficulty in making appropriate choices, whereas functional imaging studies indicate that subjects with unipolar and bipolar depression have abnormal activity in medial and orbital prefrontal areas. Many of these areas also show volume changes and decreased glial number and density in mood-disordered subjects.