DIETARY SILVER NANOPARTICLES REDUCE FITNESS IN A BENEFICIAL, BUT NOT PEST, INSECT SPECIES
DIETARY SILVER NANOPARTICLES REDUCE FITNESS IN A BENEFICIAL, BUT NOT PEST, INSECT SPECIES
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DOI：
10.1002/arch.21351
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Upendran, Anandhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Afrasiabi, Zahra;Popham, Holly J. R.;Upendran, Anandhi
银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）具有抗菌和杀虫特性，并且它们被认为具有作为杀虫剂的潜在用途。虽然它们确实杀死了一些昆虫，但有两个更广泛的问题没有得到关键性的考虑。首先，关于昆虫致命的AgNPs的报道通常基于简单的方法，这些方法产生的纳米颗粒形状和大小不均匀，留下了关于测试昆虫所经历的精确治疗的问题。其次，我们不知道AgNPs如何影响益虫。这项工作解决了这些问题。我们评估了AgNP对两种农业害虫昆虫物种Heliothis virescens（烟草芽虫）和Trichoplusia ni（甘蓝尺蠖）以及一种有益的捕食性昆虫物种Podisus maculiventris（带刺兵虫）生活史参数的影响，所有这些都在农业生态系统中发挥作用。饲养的两种害虫的标准媒体修订AgNPs导致发育时间，蛹的重量，和成人出现的影响可以忽略不计，但是，他们导致发育迟缓，成年体重和繁殖力的减少，并增加死亡率的捕食者。这些对有益物种的负面影响，如果对其他有益昆虫物种也是如此，将对用于昆虫害虫管理计划的AgNP的持续发展具有实质性的负面影响。(C)2016 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have antimicrobial and insecticidal properties and they have been considered for their potential use as insecticides. While they do, indeed, kill some insects, two broader issues have not been considered in a critical way. First, reports of insect-lethal AgNPs are often based on simplistic methods that yield nanoparticles of nonuniform shapes and sizes, leaving questions about the precise treatments test insects experienced. Second, we do not know how AgNPs influence beneficial insects. This work addresses these issues. We assessed the influence of AgNPs on life history parameters of two agricultural pest insect species, Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm) and Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) and a beneficial predatory insect species, Podisus maculiventris (spined soldier bug), all of which act in agroecosystems. Rearing the two pest species on standard media amended with AgNPs led to negligible influence on developmental times, pupal weights, and adult emergence, however, they led to retarded development, reductions in adult weight and fecundity, and increased mortality in the predator. These negative effects on the beneficial species, if also true for other beneficial insect species, would have substantial negative implications for continued development of AgNPs for insect pest management programs. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.