Immunomodulation and disease resistance in postyearling rainbow trout infected with Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of Whirling disease
Immunomodulation and disease resistance in postyearling rainbow trout infected with Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of Whirling disease
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DOI：
10.1577/h03-039.1
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Iwanowicz, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Densmore, CL;Ottinger, CA;Iwanowicz, LR
脑碘泡虫是引起旋转病的粘孢子虫，对鲑鱼宿主有许多有害影响。虽然它是公认的青少年鲑鱼在活跃阶段的旋转病安装的病原体的免疫反应，发生和寿命的任何相关的免疫调节作用是未知的。本研究以虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）为材料，研究了感染M.检测了大脑的白细胞功能和对鲁氏耶尔森氏菌（Yersinia ruckeri）的抗性，鲁氏耶尔森氏菌是鲑鱼的细菌病原体。与未感染的对照组相比，M.脑感染的鱼表现出较低的增殖淋巴细胞反应的四个有丝分裂原（刀豆球蛋白A，美洲商陆有丝分裂原，植物血凝素，脂多糖）。相反，M。cerebralis感染的鱼表现出更大的前肾巨噬细胞的杀菌活性比未感染的鱼。沐浴后挑战Y。ruckeri，M.与对照鱼相比，脑感染鱼的存活率略低，死亡率更快。肾组织和粪便样品从M。对脑感染和未感染的存活者进行培养，以确定是否存在Y。ruckeri，两组之间的患病率没有差异。由于M.脑线虫感染的鱼涉及不同的白细胞群体的功能增强和抑制，M.在涡动病后期阶段的脑感染鱼可能会随着继发病原体和病原体引起的免疫反应的性质而变化。
Myxobolus cerebralis, the myxosporean parasite that causes whirling disease, has a number of deleterious effects on its salmonid host. Although it is well established that juvenile salmonids in the active stages of whirling disease mount an immune response to the pathogen, the occurrence and longevity of any related immunomodulatory effects are unknown. In this study, postyearling rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss infected with M. cerebralis were examined for leukocyte functions and for resistance to Yersinia ruckeri, a bacterial pathogen of salmonids. Compared with uninfected controls, M. cerebralis-infected fish showed lower proliferative lymphocyte responses to four mitogens (concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen, phytohemagglutinin, and lipopolysaccharide). Conversely, M. cerebralis-infected fish displayed greater bactericidal activity of anterior kidney macrophages than did uninfected fish. After bath challenges with Y. ruckeri, M. cerebralis-infected fish had slightly lower survival and a more rapid onset of mortality than did the control fish. Renal tissue and fecal samples from M. cerebralis-infected and uninfected survivors were cultured for the presence of Y. ruckeri, and no difference in prevalence was noted between the two groups. Because immunomodulatory changes in the M. cerebralis-infected fish involved functional enhancement and suppression of different leukocyte populations, disease resistance among M. cerebralis-infected fish in the later stages of whirling disease will probably vary with the secondary pathogen and the nature of immune response the pathogen evokes.