ROLE OF AUTONOMIC INNERVATION IN CONTROL OF GLUCAGON-RELEASE DURING HYPOGLYCEMIA IN CALF
ROLE OF AUTONOMIC INNERVATION IN CONTROL OF GLUCAGON-RELEASE DURING HYPOGLYCEMIA IN CALF
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010455
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发表时间：
1974-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
VAUGHAN, NJA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLOOM, SR;EDWARDS, AV;VAUGHAN, NJA
1. 在出生后3-6周的犊牛中研究了胰腺自主神经支配在低血糖时胰高血糖素释放控制中的作用。血浆胰高血糖素浓度显著升高发生在正常意识犊牛在给药胰岛素（0.1 u /kg）后的低血糖反应。先前用阿托品治疗没有引起这些动物对胰岛素的低血糖反应的显著变化，但血浆胰高血糖素浓度的升高被延迟。两种内脏神经的切片对有意识的小牛对这种小剂量胰岛素的耐受性没有显著变化，这些动物血浆胰高血糖素浓度的变化在正常范围内。相反，同样剂量的胰岛素在内脏神经被切断的阿托品化小牛身上产生严重的低血糖，并伴有抽搐。尽管降糖刺激的强度很大，但在这些动物中，血浆胰高血糖素浓度的上升既延迟又减少。正常空腹犊牛单独给予阿托品（0.2 mg/kg）可在30 min内显著降低血糖和胰高血糖素的平均血浆浓度（P< 0.01），但对胰岛素没有影响。在巴比妥麻醉下，切除肾上腺并割除内脏神经的小牛，在刺激胸椎迷走神经末梢时，血浆胰高血糖素浓度显著升高。在这些实验中还观察到平均血浆葡萄糖浓度的升高，并发现与胰高血糖素反应显著相关。综上所述，交感神经或副交感神经传出活动的变化可能会改变清醒小牛的血浆胰高血糖素浓度，但只有后者的机制可能与生理范围内血浆葡萄糖浓度变化的反应有关。
1. The extent to which the autonomic innervation to the pancreas is implicated in the control of glucagon release during hypoglycaemia has been investigated in calves 3–6 weeks after birth.2. A pronounced rise in plasma glucagon concentration occurred in normal conscious calves in response to hypoglycaemia following administration of insulin (0·1 u./kg). Prior treatment with atropine caused no significant change in the hypoglycaemic response to insulin in these animals but the rise in plasma glucagon concentration was delayed.3. Section of both splanchnic nerves produced no significant change in the tolerance of conscious calves to this small dose of insulin and the changes in plasma glucagon concentration in these animals were within the normal range.4. In contrast, the same dose of insulin produced severe hypoglycaemia, accompanied by convulsions, in atropinized calves with cut splanchnic nerves. In spite of the intensity of the hypoglycaemic stimulus the rise in plasma glucagon concentration was both delayed and diminished in these animals.5. Administration of atropine alone (0·2 mg/kg) to normal fasting calves produced a significant fall in the mean plasma concentrations of both glucose and glucagon (P< 0·01) within 30 min, without affecting that of insulin.6. A significant increase in plasma glucagon concentration also occurred in response to stimulation of the peripheral ends of the thoracic vagi in adrenalectomized calves with cut splanchnic nerves under barbiturate anaesthesia. A rise in mean plasma glucose concentration was also observed in these experiments and found to be significantly correlated with the glucagon response.7. It is concluded that changes in either sympathetic or parasympathetic efferent activity may modify plasma glucagon concentration in the conscious calf, but that only the latter mechanism is likely to be implicated in the response to changes in plasma glucose concentration within the physiological range.