Cascading Effects of Canopy Opening and Debris Deposition from a Large-Scale Hurricane Experiment in a Tropical Rain Forest
Cascading Effects of Canopy Opening and Debris Deposition from a Large-Scale Hurricane Experiment in a Tropical Rain Forest
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热带雨林大规模飓风实验中树冠张开和碎片沉积的级联效应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Zimmerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Shiels;G. González;D. J. Lodge;M. Willig;J. Zimmerman
强烈的飓风扰乱了许多热带森林，但飓风后导致森林变化的关键机制尚未完全了解。在波多黎各，我们使用了一个重复的析因实验，以确定森林变化的机制与冠层开放和有机物（碎片）的增加。林冠开放的级联效应是森林生物区系和生物过程发生变化的主要原因，其中包括植物补充量和丰富度增加，以及若干动物群体的丰富度和多样性减少。林冠开放减少凋落物和凋落物水分，从而抑制木质素降解真菌，减缓分解。碎片除了暂时增加树断面积。升高的土壤溶液硝酸盐是一个占主导地位的反应后，过去的飓风，这种影响只发生在我们的实验中，同时树冠开放和碎片处理。虽然碎片是一个重要的碳和营养源，短期的反应，气旋风暴似乎主要是由树冠开放。
Intense hurricanes disturb many tropical forests, but the key mechanisms driving post-hurricane forest changes are not fully understood. In Puerto Rico, we used a replicated factorial experiment to determine the mechanisms of forest change associated with canopy openness and organic matter (debris) addition. Cascading effects from canopy openness accounted for most of the shifts in the forest biota and biotic processes, which included increased plant recruitment and richness, as well as the decreased abundance and diversity of several animal groups. Canopy opening decreased litterfall and litter moisture, thereby inhibiting lignin-degrading fungi, which slowed decomposition. Debris addition temporarily increased tree basal area. Elevated soil solution nitrate was a dominant response after past hurricanes; this effect only occurred in our experiment with simultaneous canopy-opening and debris treatments. Although debris is an important carbon and nutrient source, shortterm responses to cyclonic storms appear to be largely driven by canopy opening.