Differences between wheat and barley in leaf and tillering coordination under contrasting nitrogen and sulfur conditions
Differences between wheat and barley in leaf and tillering coordination under contrasting nitrogen and sulfur conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eja.2012.04.002
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Miralles, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alzueta, Ignacio;Gabriela Abeledo, L.;Miralles, Daniel J.
传统上认为，无论环境条件如何，大麦的分蘖能力都高于小麦；然而，这一假设尚未在实验条件下进行正式测试，也未分析其与叶片外观的关系。本研究研究了播期不同氮硫水平下生长的小麦和大麦基因型叶片外观和片段动态。小麦和大麦的物候（出苗、第一个可见节和开花）没有差异，也没有因养分不同而有差异。在氮、硫水平对该性状没有影响的情况下，大麦的叶裂时间倾向于高于（或至少等于）小麦。末叶数的差异可以忽略不计。考虑分蘖出现率（TAR）、最大分蘖出现数（MTN）、分蘖死亡率（TMR）和每株最终分蘖数（FIN），分析分蘖动态。在所有试验中，大麦的TAR显著高于小麦基因型。两种植物的TAR均随着氮供给的增加而增强，而S仅在高氮条件下促进TAR。MTN与TAR呈显著正相关。虽然两种植物停止分蘖的情况相似，但由于分蘖出现率不同，大麦的最大分蘖数优于小麦。MTN高与分蘖死亡率高有关。尽管存在这种平衡，但FIN与MTN密切相关；因此，FIN是在分蘖过程的早期阶段预先定义的。大麦单叶分蘖的同步性高于小麦，氮、硫缺乏降低了单叶分蘖的同步性。(C) 2012 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
It is traditionally assumed that barley has a higher tillering capacity than wheat whatever the environmental condition; however, this supposition has not been formally tested under experimental conditions nor analyzed its relationship with leaf appearance. In the present work, leaf appearance and filleting dynamics were studied in wheat and barley genotypes grown under contrasting nitrogen and sulfur levels at sowing. There was no difference in phenology (seedling emergence, first visible node and flowering) between wheat and barley or due to different nutrients. Phyllochron in barley tended to be higher than (or at least equal to) that observed in wheat, without effect of the N or S levels on this trait. Differences in final leaf number were negligible. Tillering dynamics was analyzed considering the tittering appearance rate (TAR), the maximum number of tillers appeared (MTN), the tillering mortality rate (TMR), and the final number of tillers per plant (FIN). TAR was significantly greater in barley than in wheat genotypes in all experiments. In both species, TAR was enhanced as N supply was increased while S promoted TAR only under high N conditions. The MTN was positively and significantly associated with TAR. Although cessation of tillering was similar between both species, the maximum number of tillers was superior in barley than in wheat, due to the differences between species in tiller appearance rate. A high MTN was related to a high tiller mortality rate. In spite of that counterbalance, FIN was closely related to MTN; as a consequence, FIN was pre-defined during the early phase of the tillering process. Barley showed higher values of tiller initiated per leaf appeared (synchrony) than wheat, while N and S deficiencies decreased that synchrony. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.