Emerging mental health challenges, strategies, and opportunities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives from South American decision-makers
Emerging mental health challenges, strategies, and opportunities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives from South American decision-makers
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COVID-19 大流行背景下新出现的心理健康挑战、策略和机遇：南美决策者的观点
DOI：
10.1101/2020.07.16.20155630
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Bruni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DA Antiporta;A. Bruni
背景在新冠肺炎大流行期间，人们的心理健康意识有所提高。尽管国际指南解决了应对突发事件的心理健康和心理社会支持(MHPSS)问题，但关于新冠肺炎的区域建议仍然不足。我们确定了在南美洲新冠肺炎大流行期间出现的新的精神健康问题、解决这些问题的策略以及改革精神卫生系统的机会。方法于2020年4月中旬对南美10个国家的卫生部心理卫生决策者进行匿名在线问卷调查。半结构化问卷有12个问题，分成3个主要部分：精神卫生方面新出现的挑战、应对这一流行病的当前和潜在战略，以及精神卫生改革的关键要素。我们通过总结性内容分析确定了每个部分的关键词和主题。调查结果表明，日益加重的精神健康负担和新出现的需求是大流行在卫生保健提供者和普通民众中产生的直接和间接后果。国家封锁对精神卫生治疗和护理的提供和获得提出了挑战。满足这些健康需求的战略在很大程度上依赖于通过加强精神健康治理和系统、服务的可用性、虚拟平台和服务提供者的适当能力建设，及时和适当地作出反应。短期和中期战略侧重于加强以社区为基础的精神卫生网络和为高危人群提供远程医疗。长期精神卫生改革的机会需要加强法律框架、重新分配财政资源以及与当地和国际伙伴合作。口译、心理健康和心理社会支持已被南美国家确定为新冠肺炎回应的优先领域。疫情产生了需要采取适当行动的具体需求，包括：实施基于虚拟的干预措施，将能力建设的重点放在保护使用者和卫生服务提供者上，加强循证决策，并将MHPS纳入指导应对新冠肺炎的高级别机制。一分钱也没有。
Background Mental health awareness has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although international guidelines address the mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) response to emergencies, regional recommendations on COVID-19 are still insufficient. We identified emerging mental health problems, strategies to address them, and opportunities to reform mental health systems during the COVID-19 pandemic in South America. Methods An anonymous online questionnaire was sent to mental health decision-makers of Ministries of Health in 10 South American countries in mid-April 2020. The semi-structured questionnaire had 12 questions clustered into 3 main sections: emerging challenges in mental health, current and potential strategies to face the pandemic, and, key elements for mental health reform. We identified keywords and themes for each section through summative content analysis. Findings An increasing mental health burden and emerging needs are arising as direct and indirect consequences of the pandemic among health care providers and the general population. National lockdowns challenge the delivery and access to mental health treatment and care. Strategies to meet these health needs rely heavily on timely and adequate responses by strengthened mental health governance and systems, availability of services, virtual platforms, and appropriate capacity building for service providers. Short- and medium-term strategies focused on bolstering community-based mental health networks and telemedicine for high-risk populations. Opportunities for long-term mental health reform entail strengthening legal frameworks, redistribution of financial resources and collaboration with local and international partners. Interpretation Mental health and psychosocial support have been identified as a priority area by South American countries in the COVID-19 response. The pandemic has generated specific needs that require appropriate actions including: implementing virtual based interventions, orienting capacity building towards protection of users and health providers, strengthening evidence-driven decision making and integrating MHPSS in high-level mechanisms guiding the response to COVID-19. Funding None.