HYDROGEOMORPHIC EFFECTS OF BEAVER DAMS IN GLACIER NATIONAL PARK, MONTANA
HYDROGEOMORPHIC EFFECTS OF BEAVER DAMS IN GLACIER NATIONAL PARK, MONTANA
复制标题
蒙大拿州冰川国家公园海狸水坝的水文地貌效应
DOI：
10.1080/02723646.1999.10642688
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
D. Butler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Meentemeyer;D. Butler
从10个海狸池塘的沉积物深度和流量数据表明，海狸（Castor canadensis）在蒙大拿州的冰川国家公园（GNP）的低阶流系统的水文地貌过程有很大影响。河狸池显然会截留沉积物，沉积物的深度和体积随着坝龄的增加而显著增加。海狸蓄水池也减少了大坝下游出现的水流的速度和流量。老海狸坝更有效地降低流速和流量比年轻的大坝。三个较老的大坝实际上阻止了下游的排放，使水重新分配为潜流流出。海狸改变附近的池塘的水文地貌环境的能力是戏剧性的，但未来的工作仍然需要阐明的相对重要性，降低流能量与下游欠载水的侵蚀潜力。[Key单词：Castor canadensis、海狸坝、海狸池塘、沉积、地貌学、水文地貌学。
Sediment depth and stream-flow data from 10 beaver ponds illustrate that beavers (Castor canadensis) considerably influence hydrogeomorphic processes in low-order stream systems of Glacier National Park (GNP), Montana. Beaver ponds clearly trap sediment, and the depth and volume of sediment substantially increase with dam age. Beaver impoundments also reduce the velocity and discharge of streams emerging downstream of dams. Older beaver dams more efficiently reduce stream velocity and discharge than young dams. Three older dams actually precluded downstream discharge, redistributing water as hyporheic outflow. The ability of beavers to alter the hydrogeomorphic environment in the near vicinity of their ponds is dramatic, but future work is still needed to elucidate the relative importance of lowered stream energy versus the erosive potential of underloaded water downstream. [Key words: Castor canadensis, beaver dams, beaver ponds, sedimentation, biogeomorphology, hydrogeomorphology.]