Palaeoanellus dimorphus gen. et sp. nov. (Deuteromycotina): a Cretaceous predatory fungus.
Palaeoanellus dimorphus gen. et sp. nov. (Deuteromycotina): a Cretaceous predatory fungus.
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.0800143
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发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Alexander R Schmidt;Heinrich Dörfelt;Vincent Perrichot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexander R Schmidt;Heinrich Dörfelt;Vincent Perrichot
在氮是限制因素的栖息地，食肉真菌通过捕食线虫和其他微生物获得优势。这些真菌在现代陆地生态系统中很丰富，但它们并不是注定要作为化石保存下来的。因此，关于它们进化历史的结论主要基于分子研究，这些研究通常限于那些存活到今天的类群。在这里，我们提出了一个化石二型真菌，发现在晚Albian琥珀从法国西南部。这种真菌具有单细胞菌丝环作为捕获装置，并形成芽生孢子，从芽生孢子发育成酵母阶段。化石可能代表子囊菌的无性型，被描述为Palaeoanellus dimorphus gen. et sp. nov.因为在现代生态系统中不知道有规则酵母阶段的捕食性真菌，该真菌被认为与任何最近的食肉真菌无关，属于食肉真菌的灭绝谱系。到目前为止，这些包裹体是唯一一个发展出诱捕装置的真菌化石记录。真菌生活在C。在1亿年前的一个湖沼-陆地微生境中，它是白垩纪沿海琥珀森林森林地面高度多样性生物群落的一部分。
In habitats where nitrogen is the limiting factor, carnivorous fungi gain an advantage by preying on nematodes and other microorganisms. These fungi are abundant in modern terrestrial ecosystems, but they are not predestined for preservation as fossils. Conclusions on their evolutionary history are therefore mainly based on molecular studies that are generally limited to those taxa that have survived until today. Here we present a fossil dimorphic fungus that was found in Late Albian amber from southwestern France. This fungus possessed unicellular hyphal rings as trapping devices and formed blastospores from which a yeast stage developed. The fossil probably represents an anamorph of an ascomycete and is described as Palaeoanellus dimorphus gen. et sp. nov. Because predatory fungi with regular yeast stages are not known from modern ecosystems, the fungus is assumed to not be related to any Recent carnivorous fungus and to belong to an extinct lineage of carnivorous fungi. The inclusions represent the only record of fossil fungi that developed trapping devices, so far. The fungus lived c. 100 million years ago in a limnetic-terrestrial microhabitat, and it was a part of a highly diverse biocenosis at the forest floor of a Cretaceous coastal amber forest.