Anticipated and experienced stigma among people with schizophrenia: its nature and correlates
Anticipated and experienced stigma among people with schizophrenia: its nature and correlates
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00127-010-0230-2
复制
发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bielanska, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cechnicki, Andrzej;Angermeyer, Matthias C.;Bielanska, Anna
近年来，人们越来越意识到精神疾病患者及其家人所经历的耻辱。本研究的目的是评估的精神分裂症患者在波兰的一个地区的预期和经历的耻辱，并研究这些数字如何涉及到社会人口和临床correlations.Subjective污名化进行了评估，使用清单的精神病患者的耻辱经历。为研究选定的小波兰精神健康中心在地点和治疗类型方面具有整个地区的代表性。在250名患者中，有202人参与了这项研究，回答率为80.8%。大多数受访者预计在人际交往（58%）和就业领域（55%）会受到歧视。在人际交往中最常见的歧视经历是被其他人拒绝（87%）和人际接触中断（50%）。生活在高度城市化地区的参与者更经常地预期精神病患者被排除在劳动力市场之外，而老年参与者更经常地表示，精神病患者可能难以进入机构。结构性歧视的经历与教育水平较低、生活在城市、失业、身为女性、分居或丧偶有关。在人际交往中被拒绝的经历与较低的教育水平和更多的住院治疗，以及失业和更多住院治疗的精神病患者的负面公众形象的经验。(1)在波兰南部，精神分裂症患者在人际关系和就业领域预期并经历了最强烈的耻辱。(2)预期的耻辱，相反，经验的耻辱，几乎没有任何相关性与患者的具体社会人口统计学和临床特征。
In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the stigma experienced by people with mental illnesses and their families. The aim of this study is to assess the amount of stigma anticipated and experienced by schizophrenia patients in one region of Poland and to examine how these figures relate to socio-demographic and clinical correlates.Subjective stigmatisation was assessed using the Inventory of Stigma Experiences of Psychiatric Patients. The mental health centres in Malopolska selected for the study were facilities representative of the whole region as regards location and type of treatment. Out of 250 patients contacted, 202 participated in the study, resulting in a response rate of 80.8%.The majority of respondents anticipated discrimination in interpersonal contacts (58%) as well as in the area of employment (55%). The most common experiences of discrimination in interpersonal interactions were the feeling of rejection by other people (87%) and having had an interpersonal contact broken off (50%). Participants living in highly urbanised areas more frequently anticipated exclusion of the mentally ill from the labour market, and older participants more often expressed the view that the mentally ill may have difficulties with access to institutions. The experience of structural discrimination was associated with lower education levels, living in a city, unemployment, being female, and being separated or widowed. The experience of rejection in interpersonal interaction was associated with lower education levels and more hospitalisations, and the experience of a negative public image of the mentally ill with unemployment and more hospitalisations.(1) In southern Poland, people with schizophrenia both anticipated and experienced the strongest stigma in the domains of interpersonal relationships and employment. (2) Anticipated stigma, contrary to experienced stigma, shows hardly any correlation with patients' specific socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.