Preceramic adoption of peanut, squash, and cotton in northern Peru
Preceramic adoption of peanut, squash, and cotton in northern Peru
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1141395
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发表时间：
2007-06-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Williams, David E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dillehay, Tom D.;Rossen, Jack;Williams, David E.
人们认为，新大陆农业的早期发展与安第斯山脉定居点的早期农业有关，但相关记录很少。花生（Arachis sp.）、南瓜（Cucurbita moschata）和棉花（Gossypium barbadense）的大型化石出土于秘鲁北部安第斯山脉西坡的考古遗址。直接放射性碳定年法表明，这些植物生长在距今9240年至5500年前的14年间。这些植物和其他植物是从热带干燥森林山谷的多个地点恢复的，包括家庭集群、永久性建筑结构、花园地块、灌溉渠、锄头和储存结构。这些数据为花生和南瓜在人类饮食中的早期使用以及棉花用于工业目的提供了证据，并表明安第斯山脉部分地区的园艺经济在大约1万年前就扎根了。
The early development of agriculture in the New World has been assumed to involve early farming in settlements in the Andes, but the record has been sparse. Peanut (Arachis sp.), squash (Cucurbita moschata), and cotton (Gossypium barbadense) macrofossils were excavated from archaeological sites on the western slopes of the northern Peruvian Andes. Direct radiocarbon dating indicated that these plants grew between 9240 and 5500 C-14 years before the present. These and other plants were recovered from multiple locations in a tropical dry forest valley, including household clusters, permanent architectural structures, garden plots, irrigation canals, hoes, and storage structures. These data provide evidence for early use of peanut and squash in the human diet and of cotton for industrial purposes and indicate that horticultural economies in parts of the Andes took root by about 10,000 years ago.