NICOTINE ENHANCES DELAYED MATCHING-TO-SAMPLE PERFORMANCE BY PRIMATES
NICOTINE ENHANCES DELAYED MATCHING-TO-SAMPLE PERFORMANCE BY PRIMATES
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DOI：
10.1016/0024-3205(88)90318-9
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发表时间：
1988-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
JACKSON, WJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ELROD, K;BUCCAFUSCO, JJ;JACKSON, WJ
非人类灵长类动物为学习和记忆的研究提供了一个很好的模型，一个特殊的测试，延迟匹配到样本的任务，以类似的方式由人类和非人类灵长类动物进行。五个年轻的成年猕猴在这项研究中，显示可变的保留能力的任务。基线表现非常一致，并且通过在每个会话中包括几个延迟间隔（0-60秒），采用了三个水平的表现难度（95- 100%，80-85%和65-75%正确选择）。证明了尼古丁在执行延迟匹配样本任务的猕猴中可重现的性能增强。尼古丁增强了表现，在最长的保留延迟间隔平均增加10%。在用低剂量（0.5 mg/kg）美加明预处理以阻断中枢烟碱受体的动物中，尼古丁的这种有益作用被消除。用六甲铵选择性阻断外周烟碱受体对烟碱反应没有影响。高剂量（2 mg/kg）的美加明本身诱导了显着的性能抑制，而同等剂量的六甲双铵没有效果。这些实验表明，中枢烟碱受体可能被间接利用来增强记忆能力。在这方面，有趣的是，当回忆更困难时，尼古丁在提高表现方面最有效，也就是说，在较长的保留间隔延迟上。这可能意味着尼古丁对受损最严重的人特别有效。最后，令人鼓舞的是，美加明诱导的认知能力下降可能提供一种新的记忆障碍模型，从中研究痴呆的发病机制和开发新的药理学策略。
The non-human primate provides an excellent model for studies of learning and memory, and one particular test, the delayed matching-to-sample task, is performed in a similar manner by both humans and non-human primates. Five young adult macaques were employed in this study, displaying variable capacities for retention in the task. Baseline performance was very consistent and three levels of performance difficulties (95-100%, 80-85% and 65-75% correct choices) were employed by including several delay intervals (0-60 sec) in each session. A reproducible enhancement in performance by nicotine in macaques performing a delayed matching-to-sample task was demonstrated. Nicotine enhanced performance with an average increase of 10% at the longest retention delay interval. This beneficial effect of nicotine was abolished in animals pretreated with a low dose (0.5 mg/kg) of mecamylamine to block central nicotinic receptors. Selective blockade of peripheral nicotinic receptors with hexamethonium was without effect on the nicotine response. A high dose (2 mg/kg) of mecamylamine itself induced a marked inhibition of performance, while an equivalent dose of hexamethonium was without effect. These experiments point to the possibility that central nicotinic receptors may be exploited pharmacologically to enhance memory performance. In this respect it is interesting that nicotine was most effective at enhancing performance when recall was more difficult, that is, on the longer retention interval delays. This could signify that nicotine might be particularly effective in the most impaired individuals. Lastly, it is encouraging that the mecamylamine induced decrease in cognitive performance might provide a new model of memory impairment from which to study the pathogenesis and develop new pharmacological strategies for the dementias.