Decision-making Competence, Executive Functioning, and General Cognitive Abilities
Decision-making Competence, Executive Functioning, and General Cognitive Abilities
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DOI：
10.1002/bdm.731
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
De Bruin, Waendi Bruine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Del Missier, Fabio;Mantyla, Timo;De Bruin, Waendi Bruine
尽管以前的研究调查了一般认知能力和决策之间的关系，但很少有研究描述决策能力背后的特定认知能力。在本文中，我们重点关注参与认知调节的执行功能控制过程。具体来说，我们报告了一项个体差异研究，该研究调查了执行功能（EF）和一般认知能力（流体智力和计算能力）与决策能力不同方面的关系。即使在控制了流体智力和计算能力之后，EF 成分的个体差异也解释了决策能力的各个方面。然而，决策能力的不同方面因其依赖于不同执行职能的程度而有所不同。特别是，对框架效应的抵抗、应用决策规则的能力以及成功参与认知反思部分取决于 EF 监测/抑制维度的个体差异。在风险认知中提供一致判断的能力与 EF 的变化方面有关。认识社会规范的能力和抵制沉没成本的能力与 EF 没有显着相关，因此支持这样的观点：执行控制并不是决策能力这些方面的主要决定因素。最后，一些决策任务的巨大差异仍然无法解释，这表明在未来的研究中需要考虑其他认知或非认知能力。版权所有 (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Although previous studies investigated the relationship between general cognitive abilities and decision making, few have characterized specific cognitive abilities underlying decision-making competence. In this paper, we focus on executive functionscontrol processes involved in the regulation of cognition. Specifically, we report on an individual-differences study that investigated the relationship of executive functioning (EF) and general cognitive abilities (fluid intelligence and numeracy) with different aspects of decision-making competence. Individual differences in EF components explained aspects of decision-making competence even after controlling for fluid intelligence and numeracy. However, different aspects of decision-making competence varied in the extent to which they relied on different executive functions. In particular, resistance to framing effects, the ability to apply decision rules, and successful engagement in cognitive reflection partially depend on individual differences on the monitoring/inhibition dimension of EF. The ability to provide consistent judgments in risk perception is related to the shifting aspect of EF. The ability to recognize social norms and resistance to sunk costs were not significantly related to EF, thus supporting the idea that executive control is not a major determinant of these aspects of decision-making competence. Finally, substantial variance in some of the decision-making tasks remained unexplained, suggesting that other cognitive or non-cognitive abilities need to be considered in future studies. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.