Assessing exposure risk for dust storm events-associated lung function decrement in asthmatics and implications for control
Assessing exposure risk for dust storm events-associated lung function decrement in asthmatics and implications for control
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.064
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Liao, Chung-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hsieh, Nan-Hung;Liao, Chung-Min
亚洲沙尘暴（ADS）事件是季节性气象现象，会加剧慢性呼吸道疾病。本研究的目的是评估台湾 ADS 事件期间空气中粉尘暴露对人类健康的风险。基于暴露和实验数据开发了概率风险评估框架，以量化 ADS 事件引起的肺功能下降。该研究重新分析了哮喘患者气溶胶激发的实验数据，构建了吸入粉尘气溶胶剂量与 1 秒用力呼气量下降百分比 (%FEV1) 之间的剂量反应关系。使用经验肺沉积模型来预测肺部区域特定尺寸粉尘气溶胶的沉积分数。毒代动力学和毒效动力学模型用于模拟肺气道中粉尘气溶胶的结合动力学，同时还预测了 %FEV1 变化。使用面罩呼吸器来控制粉尘气溶胶暴露下的吸入剂量。我们的结果发现，只有 2% 的概率，轻度 ADS 事件可能导致 %FEV1 下降高于 5%。在严重的 ADS 事件下，台湾北部、中部和南部地区 %FEV1 下降超过 16.9%、18.9% 和 7.1% 的概率分别为 50%。我们的结果表明，使用活性炭的面罩呼吸器对于减少吸入粉尘气溶胶剂量具有最佳功效，可将%FEV1 衰减量降低至 1% 以下。 (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Asian dust storms (ADS) events are seasonally-based meteorological phenomena that exacerbate chronic respiratory diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess human health risk from airborne dust exposure during ADS events in Taiwan. A probabilistic risk assessment framework was developed based on exposure and experimental data to quantify ADS events induced lung function decrement. The study reanalyzed experimental data from aerosol challenge in asthmatic individuals to construct the dose-response relationship between inhaled dust aerosol dose and decreasing percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%FEV1). An empirical lung deposition model was used to predict deposition fraction for size specific dust aerosols in pulmonary regions. The toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic models were used to simulate dust aerosols binding kinetics in lung airway in that %FEV1 change was also predicted. The mask respirators were applied to control the inhaled dose under dust aerosols exposure. Our results found that only 2% probability the mild ADS events were likely to cause %FEV1 decrement higher than 5%. There were 50% probability of decreasing %FEV1 exceeding 16.9, 18.9, and 7.1% in north, center, and south Taiwan under severe ADS events, respectively. Our result implicates that the use of activated carbon of mask respirators has the best efficacy for reducing inhaled dust aerosol dose, by which the %FEV1 decrement can be reduced up to less than 1%. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.