Environmental Determinants of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Chesapeake Bay
Environmental Determinants of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Chesapeake Bay
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01147-17
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发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Currieroe, Frank C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Davis, Benjamin J. K.;Jacobs, John M.;Currieroe, Frank C.
副溶血弧菌天然存在于咸水和海水中，是海鲜传播疾病的主要原因之一。先前对副溶血弧菌生态学的研究往往局限于地理范围，并且缺乏全方位的环境措施。这项研究使用了从 2007 年至 2010 年从 148 个监测站收集的切萨皮克湾地表水样本 (n = 1,385) 的独特大数据集。分析了水的 20 多个环境参数，以及额外的气象和周围土地利用数据。使用定量 PCR (qPCR) 分析副溶血弧菌特异性遗传标记不耐热溶血素 (tlh)、耐热直接溶血素 (tdh) 和 tdh 相关溶血素 (trh)，并估计具有非线性效应的区间删失回归模型，以解释检测和定量的限制。 19.6%的水样中检测到了TLH；未检测到 tdh 或 trh 标记。结果证实了之前报道的副溶血弧菌丰度与温度和浊度呈正相关，与高盐度（>10%至23%）呈负相关。此外，盐度关系被确定为低温和浊度的函数，两者的增加都会抵消高盐度的影响。当在人类活动区附近采集样本时，与溶解氧和磷酸盐的关联也显得更强。为了保护公众健康，有必要重新关注副溶血弧菌生态范式。重要性副溶血弧菌是美国和全球海鲜传播疾病的主要原因之一。暴露通常是通过食用生的或未煮熟的贝类而引起的。鉴于该细菌在海洋环境中自然存在，因此有必要更好地了解其环境决定因素，以采取未来的预防措施。这种对环境副溶血弧菌的分析是利用在广泛的地理和时间范围内测量的大型数据集的少数分析之一。该分析还包括用于弧菌建模的大量环境参数，其中许多参数以前仅进行了零星测试，其中一些参数以前从未考虑过。分析结果揭示了盐度、浊度和温度之间以前未知的关系，为了解环境中副溶血弧菌的丰度和持久性提供了重要的见解。这些信息对于开发细菌的环境预测模型至关重要。
Vibrio parahaemolyticus naturally occurs in brackish and marine waters and is one of the leading causes of seafood-borne illness. Previous work studying the ecology of V. parahaemolyticus has often been limited in geographic extent and lacked a full range of environmental measures. This study used a unique large data set of surface water samples in the Chesapeake Bay (n = 1,385) collected from 148 monitoring stations from 2007 to 2010. Water was analyzed for more than 20 environmental parameters, with additional meteorological and surrounding land use data. The V. parahaemolyticus-specific genetic markers thermolabile hemolysin (tlh), thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) were assayed using quantitative PCR (qPCR), and interval-censored regression models with nonlinear effects were estimated to account for limits of detection and quantitation. tlh was detected in 19.6% of water samples; tdh or trh markers were not detected. The results confirmed previously reported positive associations for V. parahaemolyticus abundance with temperature and turbidity and negative associations with high salinity (>10 to 23%). Furthermore, the salinity relationship was determined to be a function of both low temperature and turbidity, with an increase of either nullifying the high salinity effect. Associations with dissolved oxygen and phosphate also appeared stronger when samples were taken near human developments. A renewed focus on the V. parahaemolyticus ecological paradigm is warranted to protect public health.IMPORTANCE Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the leading causes of seafood-borne illness in the United States and across the globe. Exposure is often through consuming raw or undercooked shellfish. Given the natural presence of the bacterium in the marine environment, an improved understanding of its environmental determinants is necessary for future preventative measures. This analysis of environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of only a few that utilize a large data set measured over a wide geographic and temporal range. The analysis also includes a large number of environmental parameters for Vibrio modeling, many of which have previously only been tested sporadically, and some of which have not been considered before. The results of the analysis revealed previously unknown relationships between salinity, turbidity, and temperature that provide significant insight into the abundance and persistence of V. parahaemolyticus bacterium in the environment. This information will be essential for developing environmental forecast models for the bacterium.