EVOLUTION OF KING CRABS FROM HERMIT-CRAB ANCESTORS
EVOLUTION OF KING CRABS FROM HERMIT-CRAB ANCESTORS
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DOI：
10.1038/355539a0
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发表时间：
1992-02-06
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
BUSS, LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CUNNINGHAM, CW;BLACKSTONE, NW;BUSS, LW
帝王蟹(石蟹科)是世界上最大的节肢动物之一，具有类似螃蟹的形态和强烈钙化的外骨骼1-6。相比之下，寄居蟹依靠腹足类贝壳保护已经超过1.5亿年了5，7。贝壳生活限制了寄居蟹的形态进化，因为它需要一个能够卷曲成腹足类贝壳的脱钙不对称腹部，并防止螃蟹生长超过现有最大贝壳的大小1-6。虽然在几个寄居蟹系中已经独立地发生了贝壳生活的减少和类蟹形态的获得(癌变)，其中最戏剧性的是在1-6帝王蟹中发生，但这一过程发生的速度完全未知2，7。我们提供的分子证据表明帝王蟹不仅是寄居蟹的后代，而且嵌套在寄居蟹属中。我们估计，帝王蟹丧失贝壳生活习惯和完全癌变需要1300万到2500万年的时间。
KING crabs (Family Lithodidae) are among the world's largest arthropods, having a crab-like morphology and a strongly calcified exoskeleton 1-6. The hermit crabs, by contrast, have depended on gastropod shells for protection for over 150 million years 5,7. Shell living has constrained the morphological evolution of hermit crabs by requiring a decalcified asymmetrical abdomen capable of coiling into gastropod shells and by preventing crabs from growing past the size of the largest available shells 1-6. Whereas reduction in shell-living and acquisition of a crab-like morphology (carcinization) has taken place independently in several hermit crab lineages, and most dramatically in king crabs 1-6, the rate at which this process has occurred was entirely unknown 2,7. We present molecular evidence that king crabs are not only descended from hermit crabs, but are nested within the hermit crab genus Pagurus. We estimate that loss of the shell-living habit and the complete carcinization of king crabs has taken between 13 and 25 million years.