Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Vascular Cognitive Impairment
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-49586-2_6
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. B. Gorelick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. B. Gorelick
在本章中，我们讨论了血管性认知障碍(VCI)和血管性痴呆(VAD)的简史，VCI、VAD和其他相关分类术语的定义，与认知障碍相关的流行病学和血管风险，临床表现，诊断测试，以及预防和治疗的前景。中风和心血管风险一直是预防认知障碍和减少认知下降的主要目标，因为这些因素是可修改的，易于测量，并且可以监测(Gorelick，Journal of NeuroChemical 144：609,2017；Gorelick等人，Stroke 48：e284-e303,2017)。随着时间的推移，人们已经接受了中风和心血管风险是某些类型痴呆症的诱因，包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)和其他认知障碍。而且，如本章所讨论的，与预防认知障碍有关的主要指导声明现在建议管理中风和心血管风险，以试图预防认知障碍或可能减缓认知下降的进展(Gorelick等人，Stroke 48：e284-e303,2017)。
In this chapter, we discuss a brief history of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and vascular dementia (VaD), the definition of the terms VCI, VaD, and other related classification terms, the epidemiology and vascular risks associated with cognitive impairment, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, and prospects for prevention and treatment. Stroke and cardiovascular risks have been major targets for the prevention of cognitive impairment and for the reduction of cognitive decline because these factors are modifiable, easy to measure, and can be monitored (Gorelick, Journal of Neurochemistry 144:609, 2017; Gorelick et al., Stroke 48:e284–e303, 2017). Over time, there has been acceptance of stroke and cardiovascular risks as factors predisposing to certain types of dementia including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other cognitively impairing disorders. And, as discussed in this chapter, major guidance statements relating to the prevention of cognitive impairment are now suggesting that stroke and cardiovascular risks be managed in an attempt to prevent cognitive impairment or possibly to slow the progression of cognitive decline (Gorelick et al., Stroke 48:e284–e303, 2017).