THE USE OF MULTIPLE INFORMANTS TO ASSESS CHILDRENS MALTREATMENT EXPERIENCES
THE USE OF MULTIPLE INFORMANTS TO ASSESS CHILDRENS MALTREATMENT EXPERIENCES
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01531949
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发表时间：
1994-09-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
MANNARINO, AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KAUFMAN, J;JONES, B;MANNARINO, AP
大多数研究人员完全依赖保护服务人员的报告来确定儿童的虐待历史。 在本报告中，有关儿童虐待经历的信息是从保护服务人员和三个补充数据来源获得的：父母、医疗记录和临床观察。 来自 34 个家庭的 56 名儿童参与了这项研究，他们因经核实的身体虐待、忽视、性虐待和/或情感虐待报告而接受保护服务，其中大多数儿童都经历过不止一种类型的虐待。 补充数据提供了有关儿童虐待经历的范围和严重程度的重要信息。 通过对家长和医疗记录数据的审查，确定了 28 名儿童，他们有其他类型的虐待经历，但其保护服务人员未报告这些经历：9 起身体虐待案件、2 起忽视案件、5 起性虐待案件和 12 起精神虐待案件。 补充数据还揭示了有关特定类型虐待事件的信息，这些事件比儿童保护服务人员在另外 24 起案件中报告的事件更为严重。 我们设计了一种方法来综合本报告中检查的不同数据源提供的信息，以获得四类虐待经历的 0-4 分评级：(1) 身体虐待、(3) 忽视、(3) 性虐待和 (4) 情感虐待。 每个量表的 Kappa 信度系数分别为 0.88、0.73、0.83 和 0.90。 还提供了证明这些虐待评级与儿童社会情感和认知功能的各种指数之间关系的数据，为这些量表的有效性提供初步支持。 这项研究的结果表明，应该检查多种数据来源，以便获得对儿童虐待经历的准确评估，并且独立评估者可以综合不同的数据，以获得对儿童虐待历史的可靠和有效的估计。 还讨论了与改进儿童虐待经历评估相关的临床和方法问题。
Most researchers rely exclusively on the reports of protective service workers to determine children's abuse history. In this report, information about children's maltreatment experiences is obtained from protective service workers and three supplementary sources of data: parents, medical records, and clinical observations. Fifty-six children from 34 families receiving protective services for verified reports of physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and/or emotional maltreatment participated in the study, with most children known to have experienced more than one type of abuse. The supplementary data provided important information about the range and severity of children's maltreatment experiences. Review of the parent and medical record data led to identification of 28 children who had additional types of maltreatment experiences that were not reported by their protective services workers - nine cases of physical abuse, two cases of neglect, five cases of sexual abuse, and 12 cases of emotional maltreatment. Supplementary data also revealed information about incidents of specific types of abuse that were more severe than those reported by the children's protective service workers in an additional 24 cases. A method was devised to synthesize information provided from the different sources of data examined in this report to derive 0-4 point ratings of four categories of maltreatment experiences: (1) physical abuse, (3) neglect, (3) sexual abuse, and (4) emotional maltreatment. The Kappa reliability coefficients for each of these scales were .88, .73, .83, and .90, respectively. Data demonstrating the relationship between these maltreatment ratings and various indices of the children's socioemotional and cognitive functioning were also presented to provide preliminary support for the validity of these scales. The findings from this study suggest that multiple sources of data should be examined in order to obtain accurate assessments of children's maltreatment experiences, and that independent raters can synthesize discrepant data to obtain reliable and valid estimates of children's abuse history. Clinical and methodological issues relevant to the improved assessment of children's maltreatment experiences are also discussed.