Reproduction of the common buzzard at its northern range margin under climatic change
Reproduction of the common buzzard at its northern range margin under climatic change
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.17440.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Henttonen, Heikki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lehikoinen, Aleksi;Byholm, Patrik;Henttonen, Heikki
气候变化导致生物群落位置的变化。追踪这种转变可能会对适应先前条件的生活史特征造成问题，例如繁殖的时间和有足够资源饲养孵化的时间不匹配。我们发现，芬兰常见的秃鹰Buteo buteo，繁殖的时间已经提前了十多天，作为对早春变暖的反应，在1979-2004年。在同一时期，繁殖开始的等倾线向东北方向移动了约200公里。然而，普通秃鹰的繁殖性能并没有随着这些变化而增加。尽管早春的气温有所上升，但自20世纪70年代以来，初夏的气温一直保持不变。结合，早期发病的繁殖和初夏的温度不变，导致孵化后温度下降。在这种情况下，普通秃鹫的后代现在面临着比三十年前更高的风险，孵化到不利的天气条件下。此外，对雏鸟有害的夏季降水预计将在未来增加，从而可能进一步恶化秃鹰的繁殖环境。我们的研究结果表明，即使芬兰的普通秃鹰在该物种分布的北方界限繁殖，因此可以预期从气候变暖中获得优势，情况恰恰相反。
A changing climate induces shifts in the location of biomes. Tracing such a shift may pose problems for life history traits adapted to the prior conditions, so that, e.g. the timing of reproduction and the time with sufficient resources for rearing hatchlings do not match. We show that the timing of breeding of Finnish common buzzards Buteo buteo, has advanced with over ten days as a response to the warming of early spring, during 1979-2004. During the same period the isoclines of the onset of breeding have moved about 200 km to the north-east. However, the reproductive performance of the common buzzard has not increased as a response to these changes. Despite increasing temperatures during early spring, the temperatures of early summer have remained the same since the 1970s. Combined, the early onset of breeding and the unchanged temperatures of early summer have lead to decreased post-hatching temperatures. Under these circumstances, common buzzard offspring now face a higher risk to hatch into less favourable weather conditions than three decades ago. Furthermore, summer precipitation, harmful for nestlings, has been predicted to increase in the future, thus possibly further worsening the circumstances for breeding common buzzards. Our results demonstrate that even if common buzzards in Finland breed at the northern limit of the species' distribution, and could therefore be expected to gain advantage from a warming climate, the opposite is the case.