Quantum ether: photons and electrons from a rotor model
Quantum ether: photons and electrons from a rotor model
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.73.035122
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发表时间：
2005-07
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Michael Levin;X. Wen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael Levin;X. Wen
我们给出了一个纯玻色子模型的例子--3D立方晶格上的转子模型--其低能激发的行为就像无质量U（1）规范玻色子和无质量狄拉克费米子。这个模型可以被看作是一个“量子以太网”，一种既能产生光子又能产生电子的介质。它说明了规范玻色子和费米子出现的一般机制，即弦网凝聚。其他更复杂的弦网凝聚模型可以有像标准模型中的胶子、夸克和其他粒子那样的激发。这表明光子、电子和其他基本粒子可能有一个统一的起源：我们真空中的弦网凝聚。
We give an example of a purely bosonic model--a rotor model on the 3D cubic lattice--whose low energy excitations behave like massless U(1) gauge bosons and massless Dirac fermions. This model can be viewed as a ''quantum ether;'' a medium that gives rise to both photons and electrons. It illustrates a general mechanism for the emergence of gauge bosons and fermions known as ''string-net condensation.'' Other, more complex, string-net condensed models can have excitations that behave like gluons, quarks and other particles in the standard model. This suggests that photons, electrons and other elementary particles may have a unified origin: string-net condensation in our vacuum.