Marked seasonal variation in the wild mouse gut microbiota.
Marked seasonal variation in the wild mouse gut microbiota.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2015.53
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Turnbaugh PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maurice CF;Knowles SC;Ladau J;Pollard KS;Fenton A;Pedersen AB;Turnbaugh PJ
最近的研究为圈养小鼠的微生物群落提供了一个前所未有的视角；然而，影响啮齿动物肠道微生物区系的宿主和环境因素在很大程度上仍未被探索。在这里，我们提出了为期两年的16 S核糖体核糖核酸基因测序的结果，对附近两个林地的野生林鼠(Apodemus Sylvaticus)进行了调查。与其他哺乳动物相似，野鼠被10个细菌门定植，主要是拟杆菌属、拟杆菌属和变形杆菌属。在菲尔米库特，乳杆菌属最为丰富。假定的细菌病原体广泛存在，通常是野生小鼠肠道微生物区系中丰富的成员。在所研究的一系列外在(环境)和内在(宿主相关)因素中，季节变化主导了肠道微生物区系的质量和数量差异。在研究的两年中，我们观察到肠道微生物群落结构的强烈季节性变化，可能是由于从昆虫为主的饮食向种子为主的饮食转变。这涉及乳酸菌水平的下降，以及泽泻(拟杆菌门)和螺杆菌水平的上升。我们还检测到肠道微生物区系与生物地理、性别、生殖状态以及与肠道线虫共定植之间更微妙但在统计学上有显著意义的关联。这些结果表明，环境因素在自然种群内微生物群落结构的时间变化中起着重要作用。
Recent studies have provided an unprecedented view of the microbial communities colonizing captive mice; yet the host and environmental factors that shape the rodent gut microbiota in their natural habitat remain largely unexplored. Here, we present results from a 2-year 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing-based survey of wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) in two nearby woodlands. Similar to other mammals, wild mice were colonized by 10 bacterial phyla and dominated by the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. Within the Firmicutes, the Lactobacillus genus was most abundant. Putative bacterial pathogens were widespread and often abundant members of the wild mouse gut microbiota. Among a suite of extrinsic (environmental) and intrinsic (host-related) factors examined, seasonal changes dominated in driving qualitative and quantitative differences in the gut microbiota. In both years examined, we observed a strong seasonal shift in gut microbial community structure, potentially due to the transition from an insect- to a seed-based diet. This involved decreased levels of Lactobacillus, and increased levels of Alistipes (Bacteroidetes phylum) and Helicobacter. We also detected more subtle but statistically significant associations between the gut microbiota and biogeography, sex, reproductive status and co-colonization with enteric nematodes. These results suggest that environmental factors have a major role in shaping temporal variations in microbial community structure within natural populations.