SENSATIONS PRODUCED BY ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF VISUAL CORTEX
SENSATIONS PRODUCED BY ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF VISUAL CORTEX
复制标题
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1968.sp008519
复制
发表时间：
1968-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
LEWIN, WS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRINDLEY, GS;LEWIN, WS
一个无线电接收器阵列，连接到与右大脑半球枕极接触的电极，被植入一个52岁的盲人患者体内。通过给予适当的无线电信号，可以使患者在左半视野中体验到光的感觉（“光幻视”）。通过单个电极刺激引起的感觉通常是视野中恒定位置处的单个非常小的白色光点;但对于某些双极电极，它是两个或几个这样的光点，或一小片云。对于弱刺激，皮层上的视野图大致与霍姆斯和其他人从战争创伤中得出的经典地图一致。在更强的刺激下，会出现更多的光幻视;这些光幻视遵循的地图大致是关于水平子午线的经典地图。通过电极2刺激产生的光幻视。4毫米的距离可以很容易地区分。通过同时通过多个电极进行刺激，可以使患者看到可预测的简单模式。探讨了刺激脉冲的持续时间和频率对阈值的影响。对于皮层光幻视，没有明显的闪烁融合频率，并且可能根本没有闪烁融合频率。在随意的眼球运动中，光幻视随着眼球运动。在前庭反射眼球运动期间，它们保持固定在空间中。光幻视通常在刺激停止时立即停止，但在强烈刺激后，它们有时会持续长达2分钟。通过改进原型，有可能制造出有用的假体。
An array of radio receivers, connected to electrodes in contact with the occipital pole of the right cerebral hemisphere, was implanted into a 52-year-old blind patient. By giving appropriate radio signals, the patient can be caused to experience sensations of light (''phosphenes'') in the left half of the visual field. The sensation caused by stimulation through a single electrode is commonly a single very small spot of white light at a constant position in the visual field; but for some elec- trodes it is two or several such spots, or a small cloud. For weak stimuli the map of the visual field on the cortex agrees roughly with the classical maps of Holmes and others derived from war wounds. With stronger stimuli, additional phosphenes appear; these follow a map that is roughly the classical map inverted about the horizontal meridian. The phosphenes produced by stimulation through electrodes 2. 4 mm apart can be easily distinguished. By stimulation through several electrodes simultaneously, the patient can be caused to see predictable simple patterns. The effects of the duration and frequency of stimulating pulses on the threshold have been explored. For cortical phosphenes there is no sharp flicker fusion frequency, and probably no flicker fusion frequency at all. During voluntary eye movements, the phosphenes move with the eyes. During vestibular reflex eye movements they remain fixed in space. Phosphenes ordinarily cease immediately when stimulation ceases, but after strong stimulation they sometimes persist for up to 2 min. It will be possible, by improving the prototype, to make a useful prosthesis.