Genetic variation of hepatitis B virus and its significance for pathogenesis
Genetic variation of hepatitis B virus and its significance for pathogenesis
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.126
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发表时间：
2016-01-07
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lu, Meng-Ji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Zhen-Hua;Wu, Chun-Chen;Lu, Meng-Ji
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）在世界范围内分布，并且在许多人群中流行。由于其独特的生命周期需要容易出错的逆转录酶进行复制，因此它不断进化，导致基因型、亚基因型和突变形式的巨大遗传变异。近年来，人们对HBV基因变异与HBV相关发病机制之间的关系进行了大量研究，这对HBV感染的自然史、病毒检测、免疫预防、药物治疗和预后具有深远的意义。在这篇综述中，我们试图简要介绍HBV基因型对HBV感染发病机制的影响，并总结我们目前对不同区域HBV突变对HBV相关发病机制影响的认识，重点关注前S/S蛋白突变在免疫逃避、隐匿性HBV感染和肝细胞癌（HCC）中的作用，以及聚合酶突变在HBV感染中的作用。 与耐药性、免疫逃避中的 HBV 核心和 e 抗原突变、感染慢性化和乙型肝炎相关的慢加急性肝衰竭以及最终 HCC 中 HBV x 蛋白突变有关。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a worldwide distribution and is endemic in many populations. Due to its unique life cycle which requires an error-prone reverse transcriptase for replication, it constantly evolves, resulting in tremendous genetic variation in the form of genotypes, sub-genotypes, and mutations. In recent years, there has been considerable research on the relationship between HBV genetic variation and HBV-related pathogenesis, which has profound implications in the natural history of HBV infection, viral detection, immune prevention, drug treatment and prognosis. In this review, we attempted to provide a brief account of the influence of HBV genotype on the pathogenesis of HBV infection and summarize our current knowledge on the effects of HBV mutations in different regions on HBV-associated pathogenesis, with an emphasis on mutations in the preS/S proteins in immune evasion, occult HBV infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mutations in polymerase in relation to drug resistance, mutations in HBV core and e antigen in immune evasion, chronicalization of infection and hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure, and finally mutations in HBV x proteins in HCC.