A crypt-specific core microbiota resides in the mouse colon.
A crypt-specific core microbiota resides in the mouse colon.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00116-12
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Sansonetti PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pédron T;Mulet C;Dauga C;Frangeul L;Chervaux C;Grompone G;Sansonetti PJ
为了探索小鼠胃肠道功能关键生态位的微生物含量，我们针对含有肠干细胞的隐窝进行了分子微生物诊断，这些隐窝负责上皮细胞的再生。目前的证据表明，肠道微生物群影响上皮细胞的再生；已经确定了可能主要参与肠道这一重要步骤的细菌，即微生物群的串扰。我们在这篇文章中表明，在小鼠中只有盲肠和结肠隐窝有常驻微生物群，并且无论这些小鼠的品系和繁殖来源如何，这些细菌群出乎意料地以需氧属为主。有趣的是，这种微生物群类似于在无脊椎动物的中肠中发现的有限微生物群；因此，小鼠结肠中所谓的“隐窝特异性核心微生物群”（CSCM）的存在可能反映了在选择条件下的共同进化过程，现在可以解决这个问题。我们认为CSCM可以在结肠内发挥保护和平衡的作用。本文为此类研究奠定了基础，特别是通过提供一个真实的、本质上可培养的隐窝微生物群作为参考。最近提供了全肠道肠道微生物群的宏基因组分型，为宿主-微生物群界面的生理和生理病理分析提供了巨大的机会。在此基础上，分析暴露于特定微生物群的肠道的哪些壁龛具有重要的功能，特别是关注隐窝，这是永久性上皮更新的原因，并分析这种微生物群在组成和数量上与腔内对应菌群的比较，就显得越来越重要。隐窝特异性核心微生物可能是隐窝保护及其功能稳态的重要因素。
In an attempt to explore the microbial content of functionally critical niches of the mouse gastrointestinal tract, we targeted molecular microbial diagnostics of the crypts that contain the intestinal stem cells, which account for epithelial regeneration. As current evidence indicates, the gut microbiota affects epithelial regeneration; bacteria that are likely to primarily participate in this essential step of the gut, microbiota cross talk, have been identified. We show in this article that only the cecal and colonic crypts harbor resident microbiota in the mouse and that regardless of the line and breeding origin of these mice, this bacterial population is unexpectedly dominated by aerobic genera. Interestingly, this microbiota resembles the restricted microbiota found in the midgut of invertebrates; thus, the presence of our so-called “crypt-specific core microbiota” (CSCM) in the mouse colon potentially reflects a coevolutionary process under selective conditions that can now be addressed. We suggest that CSCM could play both a protective and a homeostatic role within the colon. This article is setting the bases for such studies, particularly by providing a bona fide—and essentially cultivable—crypt microbiota of reference. Metagenomic typing of the whole-gut luminal microbiome was recently provided, revealing great opportunities for physiological and physiopathological analysis of the host-microbiota interface. On this basis, it appears increasingly important to analyze which niches of the gut exposed to a particular microbiota are of major functional importance, specifically focusing on the crypt, which accounts for permanent epithelial renewal, and to analyze how this microbiota compares to its luminal counterpart in composition and quantity. Crypt-specific core microbiotas may show themselves as important elements regarding crypt protection and homeostasis of its functions.