Tidal salt marsh sediment in California, USA. Part 2: Occurrence and anthropogenic input of trace metals
Tidal salt marsh sediment in California, USA. Part 2: Occurrence and anthropogenic input of trace metals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.01.053
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Young, Thomas M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hwang, Hyun-Min;Green, Peter G.;Young, Thomas M.
对美国加利福尼亚州沿海 5 个潮汐盐沼的表层沉积物样本（0-5 厘米）进行了分析，以调查痕量金属的出现和人为输入。在研究区域中，位于旧金山湾中部的Stege Marsh是污染最严重的沼泽。斯泰格沼泽沉积物中的金属浓度高于旧金山湾的环境水平。锌(55.3-744μg g(-1))是最丰富的微量金属，其次是铅(26.6-273μg g(-1))。铝标准化富集因子显示，铅是所有沼泽中受人为影响最大的金属。 Stege Marsh 中铅的富集因子范围为 8 至 49（中位数 = 16）。来自参考沼泽的沉积物也具有很高的铅富集因子（2-8），表明铅污染无处不在，可能是由于以前用作汽油添加剂的大气运输铅的持续输入所致。斯泰格沼泽中的铜、银和锌也因人为输入而丰富。尽管斯泰格沼泽和参考沼泽中的镍浓度超过了沉积物质量准则，但富集因子表明来自人为输入的镍可以忽略不计。旧金山湾流域存在蛇纹岩等富含镍的烃源岩，可以解释该地区镍含量高的原因。受人为影响的金属和未受影响的金属之间的变异系数显着不同，当富集因子不可用时，可用作人为金属输入的不太保守的指标。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Surface sediment samples (0-5 cm) from 5 tidal salt marshes along the coast in California, USA were analyzed to investigate the occurrence and anthropogenic input of trace metals. Among study areas, Stege Marsh located in the central San Francisco Bay was the most contaminated marsh. Concentrations of metals in Stege Marsh sediments were higher than San Francisco Bay ambient levels. Zinc (55.3-744 mu g g(-1)) was the most abundant trace metal and was followed by lead (26.6-273 mu g g(-1)). Aluminum normalized enrichment factors revealed that lead was the most anthropogenically impacted metal in all marshes. Enrichment factors of lead in Stege Marsh ranged from 8 to 49 (median = 16). Sediments from reference marshes also had high enrichment factors (2-8) for lead, indicating that lead contamination is ubiquitous, possibly due to continuous input from atmospherically transported lead that was previously used as a gasoline additive. Copper, silver, and zinc in Stege Marsh were also enriched by anthropogenic input. Though nickel concentrations in Stege Marsh and reference marshes exceeded sediment quality guidelines, enrichment factors indicated nickel from anthropogenic input was negligible. Presence of nickel-rich source rock such as serpentinite in the San Francisco Bay watershed can explain high levels of nickel in this area. Coefficients of variation were significantly different between anthropogenically impacted and non-impacted metals and might be used as a less conservative indicator for anthropogenic input of metals when enrichment factors are not available. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.