Synchronization and portfolio performance of threatened salmon
Synchronization and portfolio performance of threatened salmon
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-263x.2010.00119.x
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Schindler, Daniel E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, Jonathan W.;McClure, Michelle;Schindler, Daniel E.
种群间的动态变化可以缓冲物种对环境变化的影响。我们比较了人口同步性在一组受到威胁的奇努克鲑鱼在高度影响蛇河流域（俄勒冈州，华盛顿，爱达荷州），在红鲑种群复杂的影响较小的布里斯托湾（阿拉斯加）。在过去的40年里，蛇河流域90%以上的人口变得更加同步。然而，在此期间，来自阿拉斯加的红眼种群并没有表现出同步的系统性变化。与蛇河人口同步性增加的同时，孵化场繁殖和大型水坝的数量增加，潜在的栖息地和人口。使用经济组合理论的模拟显示，蛇河鲑鱼的同步降低了风险调整后的投资组合性能（投资组合生产率方差的比率），并减少了人口丰富度的好处。提高被开发物种的组合绩效，特别是考虑到未来的环境变化，需要保护各种各样的种群及其所依赖的各种生境。
Interpopulation variation in dynamics can buffer species against environmental change. We compared population synchrony in a group of threatened Chinook salmon in the highly impacted Snake River basin (Oregon, Washington, Idaho) to that in the sockeye salmon stock complex of less impact Bristol Bay (Alaska). Over the last 40 years, > 90% of populations in the Snake River basin became more synchronized with one another. However, over that period, sockeye populations from Alaska did not exhibit systemic changes in synchrony. Coincident with increasing Snake River population synchrony, there was an increase in hatchery propagation and the number of large dams, potentially homogenizing habitats and populations. A simulation using economic portfolio theory revealed that synchronization of Snake River salmon decreased risk-adjusted portfolio performance (the ratio of portfolio productivity to variance) and decreased benefits of population richness. Improving portfolio performance for exploited species, especially given future environmental change, requires protecting a diverse range of populations and the varied habitats upon which they depend.