The twenty most charismatic species
The twenty most charismatic species
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0199149
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发表时间：
2018-07-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Courchamp, Franck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albert, Celine;Luque, Gloria M.;Courchamp, Franck
魅力是保护生物学中常用的一个术语，用来描述物种。然而，由于“魅力物种”一词从未被正确定义，它需要更好地描述，以充分发挥其在保护生物学中的潜力。为了提供更完整的描述，我们从四个不同的来源收集了信息，以定义目前被认为是最具魅力的物种，并了解它们对西方公众的代表。首先，我们要求两个独立调查的受访者确定他们认为最有魅力的10种动物物种，并将它们与一到六个特征联系起来：稀有，濒危，美丽，可爱，令人印象深刻和危险。然后，我们确定了世界上100个最大城市的动物园网站主页上以及所有迪士尼和皮克斯电影海报上的野生动物，假设在这两种情况下，最有魅力的物种通常被选择来吸引观众。通过结合这四种方法，我们列出了20种最具魅力的动物的排名。大多数是大型外来陆生哺乳动物。这些物种被认为是有魅力的，主要是因为它们被认为是美丽的，令人印象深刻的，或濒危的，虽然没有特别的特征被歧视，物种与大多数特征的异质性。受访者的主要社会特征对他们的选择没有显着影响。这些结果提供了一个最具魅力的物种的具体列表，并提供了西方公众对魅力物种的看法的见解，这两者都可能有助于保护运动的目标新物种。
Charisma is a term commonly used in conservation biology to describe species. However, as the term "charismatic species" has never been properly defined, it needs to be better characterized to fully meet its potential in conservation biology. To provide a more complete depiction, we collected information from four different sources to define the species currently considered to be the most charismatic and to understand what they represent to the Western public. First, we asked respondents of two separate surveys to identify the 10 animal species that they considered to be the most charismatic and associate them with one to six traits: Rare, Endangered, Beautiful, Cute, Impressive, and Dangerous. We then identified the wild animals featured on the website homepages of the zoos situated in the world's 100 largest cities as well as on the film posters of all Disney and Pixar films, assuming in both cases that the most charismatic species were generally chosen to attract viewers. By combining the four approaches, we set up a ranked list of the 20 most charismatic animals. The majority are large exotic, terrestrial mammals. These species were deemed charismatic, mainly because they were regarded as beautiful, impressive, or endangered, although no particular trait was discriminated, and species were heterogeneously associated with most of the traits. The main social characteristics of respondents did not have a significant effect on their choices. These results provide a concrete list of the most charismatic species and offer insights into the Western public's perception of charismatic species, both of which could be helpful to target new species for conservation campaigns.