Platinum, palladium, and rhodium deposition to the Prunus laurus cerasus leaf surface as an indicator of the vehicular traffic pollution in the city of Varese area
Platinum, palladium, and rhodium deposition to the Prunus laurus cerasus leaf surface as an indicator of the vehicular traffic pollution in the city of Varese area
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-009-0166-9
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Cherchi, Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fumagalli, Alessandro;Faggion, Bruno;Cherchi, Laura
广泛使用的一些铂族元素作为催化剂，以尽量减少排放的污染物从内燃机产生了不断增长的浓度增加，这些元素在环境中，其潜在的毒理学特性解释了越来越多的兴趣，在日常容易监测。我们已经发现，月桂酸樱桃的叶子是尺寸< 60-80 μ m的颗粒的有效收集剂，并且开发了一种简单可靠的方法来揭示从汽车催化剂释放的痕量铂、钯和铑。通过在水和2-丙醇的混合物中超声处理来洗涤P. laurus cerebral的叶子，并且通过离心分离待丢弃的洗涤液以产生通常0.05- 1.2g的灰尘，在矿化之后，2007年和2004-2005年结果的比较显示，铂含量急剧下降，并显示钯现在是这一交易的主要成分-相关污染。结果与装有催化剂仅由Pt和/或Pd组成的柴油发动机的汽车的日益扩散一致，并对用钯取代铂的催化剂设计的最新进展提供了重要见解。拟议的分析方法简单，制备时间短，大大降低了基体效应，因此原子吸收光谱法可以很容易地检测到粉尘中ng/g水平的三种贵金属。结果清楚地表明，Pd浓度随时间而增加，必须引起关注。
The widespread use of some platinum group elements as catalysts to minimize emission of pollutants from combustion engines produced a constantly growing increase of the concentration of these elements in the environment; their potential toxicological properties explain the increasing interest in routine easy monitoring. We have found that leaves of Prunus laurus cerasus are efficient collectors of particulate with a dimension < 60-80 mu m, and a simple and reliable procedure was developed to reveal traces of platinum, palladium, and rhodium released from automotive catalysts. The analysis of the dust deposited on the foliage is a direct indicator of traffic pollution.Leaves of P. laurus cerasus were washed by sonication in a mixture of water and 2-propanol and the washings, to be discarded, were separated by centrifugation to yield typically 0.05-1.2 g of dust that, after mineralization, was directly submitted for atomic absorption analysis.Comparison of the 2007 and 2004-2005 results showed a dramatic reduction of the platinum levels and revealed that palladium is now the main component of this traffic-related pollution.The results are consistent with the increasing diffusion of cars with a diesel engine whose catalysts are made up of Pt and/or Pd alone, and gives a significant insight into the recent evolution in catalyst design that replaces platinum for palladium.The proposed analytical procedure is simple, with short preparation times, and greatly reduces matrix effects so that atomic absorption spectroscopy can easily detect the three noble metals at the ng/g level in the dust.The results clearly show that Pd concentrations have increased over time, and must be cause for concern.