Parenting Styles, Feeding Styles, Feeding Practices, and Weight Status in 4-12 Year-Old Children: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Parenting Styles, Feeding Styles, Feeding Practices, and Weight Status in 4-12 Year-Old Children: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01849
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hetherington MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shloim N;Edelson LR;Martin N;Hetherington MM
儿童时期是肥胖症发展的关键时期。早年建立的饮食模式会影响到晚年。因此，父母的喂养方式，喂养方式和具体的喂养方式将对儿童的饮食和成长产生深远的影响。根据PRISMA指南进行了系统的研究综述，以确定，讨论和整合最近的研究调查育儿方式，喂养方式，喂养方式和儿童体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。使用敏感检索策略系统检索Medline（奥维德）、PsycINFO、Web of Science和Food Science and Technology Abstracts。研究仅限于2010年至2015年2月期间发表的英文论文，受试者年龄为4-12岁，结局包括肥胖、体重变化或BMI。检索得到31篇符合所有纳入标准的相关定量同行评议论文：7项纵向试验，23项横断面试验，1项随机对照试验。在纵向研究中，父母教养方式与儿童BMI之间的关联最强，也最一致。不参与，纵容或高度保护的父母与较高的儿童BMI相关，而权威的父母与健康的BMI相关。同样，对于喂养方式，在横断面研究中，放纵喂养与肥胖风险始终相关。具体的喂养方式，如限制和进食压力与BMI有关，特别是在横断面研究中。在测量儿童特征的地方，喂养方法似乎对儿童有反应，因此对BMI高的儿童施加限制，对BMI较低的儿童施加进食压力。特定于喂养环境的行为和风格始终与儿童BMI相关。然而，由于肥胖症是随着时间的推移而出现的，因此需要通过纵向的、仔细测量的（通过问卷调查和观察）研究，这些研究考虑到了儿童的食欲和气质，从而了解父母教养方式、喂养方式、具体喂养方法和儿童肥胖症之间的关系。
Childhood is a critical period in the development of obesity. Eating patterns established early in life track into later life. Therefore, parental approaches to feeding in their general parenting style, feeding styles, and specific feeding practices will have a profound impact on how children eat and grow. A systematic research review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify, discuss and integrate recent research investigating the relationship between parenting styles, feeding styles, feeding practices, and body mass index (BMI) in children. Medline (Ovid), PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts were systematically searched using sensitive search strategies. Studies were limited to papers published in English between 2010 and February 2015 with participants aged 4–12 years old with outcomes including obesity, change in weight, or BMI. The search yielded 31 relevant quantitative peer-reviewed papers meeting all inclusion criteria: seven longitudinal, 23 cross-sectional, one randomized control trial. Associations between parenting style and child BMI were strongest and most consistent within the longitudinal studies. Uninvolved, indulgent or highly protective parenting was associated with higher child BMI, whereas authoritative parenting was associated with a healthy BMI. Similarly for feeding styles, indulgent feeding was consistently associated with risk of obesity within cross-sectional studies. Specific feeding practices such as restriction and pressure to eat were linked to BMI, especially within cross-sectional studies. Where child traits were measured, the feeding practice appeared to be responsive to the child, therefore restriction was applied to children with a high BMI and pressure to eat applied to children with a lower BMI. Behaviors and styles that are specific to the feeding context are consistently associated with child BMI. However, since obesity emerges over time, it is through longitudinal, carefully measured (through questionnaire and observation) studies which take account of child appetite and temperament that the association between parenting style, feeding style, specific feeding practices, and child obesity will be understood.