Landslides triggered by the 12 January 2010 Port-au-Prince, Haiti, M w = 7.0 earthquake: visual interpretation, inventory compiling, and spatial distribution statistical analysis
Landslides triggered by the 12 January 2010 Port-au-Prince, Haiti, M w = 7.0 earthquake: visual interpretation, inventory compiling, and spatial distribution statistical analysis
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DOI：
10.5194/nhess-14-1789-2014
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发表时间：
2014-07
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chong Xu;J. H. Shyu;Xi-wei Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chong Xu;J. H. Shyu;Xi-wei Xu
抽象的。2010年1月12日海地太子港地震（Mw= 7.0）引发了数万次山体滑坡。本研究的目的是调查滑坡的发生和侵蚀厚度与地形，地质和地震参数的相关性。本次地震共引发滑坡30 828处，面积15.736 km 2，分布面积3000 km 2以上，滑坡堆积物量估计约29 700 000 m3。这些滑坡类型多样，大多属于浅层破坏型滑坡和罗克瀑布，但也包括深层连贯型滑坡和岩滑。这些滑坡是利用地震前和地震后的高分辨率卫星图像描绘的。通过构建滑坡数量密度、滑坡面积百分比和滑坡侵蚀厚度的空间分布图和等值线图，分析了同震滑坡的空间分布规律。统计了地震滑坡的规模分布和形态参数，并与世界上其他地震事件进行了比较。利用滑坡质心数密度（LCND）、滑坡顶数密度（LTND）、滑坡面积百分比（EAD）和滑坡侵蚀厚度（LET）等4个滑坡丰度指标，将地震滑坡与各种环境参数进行关联。这些参数包括海拔、坡度角、坡向、坡度曲率、地形位置、距排水沟的距离、岩性、距震中的距离、距Enriquillo-Plantain Garden断层的距离、沿断层的沿着距离和峰值地面加速度（PGA）。通过对这些参数对同震滑坡发生的影响进行比较，发现坡角对同震滑坡发生的影响最大。我们的同震滑坡清单比以前几篇出版物中的其他清单要详细得多。因此，我们对海地地震引发的山体滑坡的清单与其他已发表的结果进行了比较，并提出了任何差异的可能原因。我们建议，地震震级和同震滑坡之间的经验函数需要更新的基础上，丰富和更完整的同震滑坡库存最近可用。
Abstract. The 12 January 2010 Port-au-Prince, Haiti, earthquake (Mw= 7.0) triggered tens of thousands of landslides. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlations of the occurrence of landslides and the thicknesses of their erosion with topographic, geologic, and seismic parameters. A total of 30 828 landslides triggered by the earthquake covered a total area of 15.736 km2, distributed in an area more than 3000 km2, and the volume of landslide accumulation materials is estimated to be about 29 700 000 m3. These landslides are of various types, mostly belonging to shallow disrupted landslides and rock falls, but also include coherent deep-seated landslides and rock slides. These landslides were delineated using pre- and post-earthquake high-resolution satellite images. Spatial distribution maps and contour maps of landslide number density, landslide area percentage, and landslide erosion thickness were constructed in order to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of co-seismic landslides. Statistics of size distribution and morphometric parameters of co-seismic landslides were carried out and were compared with other earthquake events in the world. Four proxies of co-seismic landslide abundance, including landslides centroid number density (LCND), landslide top number density (LTND), landslide area percentage (LAP), and landslide erosion thickness (LET) were used to correlate co-seismic landslides with various environmental parameters. These parameters include elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, slope curvature, topographic position, distance from drainages, lithology, distance from the epicenter, distance from the Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault, distance along the fault, and peak ground acceleration (PGA). A comparison of these impact parameters on co-seismic landslides shows that slope angle is the strongest impact parameter on co-seismic landslide occurrence. Our co-seismic landslide inventory is much more detailed than other inventories in several previous publications. Therefore, we carried out comparisons of inventories of landslides triggered by the Haiti earthquake with other published results and proposed possible reasons for any differences. We suggest that the empirical functions between earthquake magnitude and co-seismic landslides need to be updated on the basis of the abundant and more complete co-seismic landslide inventories recently available.