Gaussian quantum information
Gaussian quantum information
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.84.621
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Lloyd, Seth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weedbrook, Christian;Pirandola, Stefano;Lloyd, Seth
量子信息科学是在过去二十年中兴起的，其核心是操纵单个量子信息，称为量子比特或量子比特。量子计算机、量子密码学和量子隐形传态是这个新领域中出现的最著名的思想之一。后来人们意识到，使用连续变量量子信息载体而不是量子比特，构成了量子信息处理的一种非常强大的替代方法。这篇评论的重点是依赖于高斯态，高斯运算和高斯测量的任何组合的连续变量量子信息过程。有趣的是，这种对高斯领域的限制带来了各种好处，因为在理论方面，简单的分析工具是可用的，在实验方面，影响高斯过程的光学组件在实验室中很容易获得。然而，高斯量子信息处理为各种任务和应用开辟了道路，包括量子通信、量子密码学、量子计算、量子隐形传态以及量子状态和信道鉴别。这篇评论报告了这一领域的最新进展，从基本的理论工具和具有里程碑意义的实验实现到最近的成功发展。
The science of quantum information has arisen over the last two decades centered on the manipulation of individual quanta of information, known as quantum bits or qubits. Quantum computers, quantum cryptography, and quantum teleportation are among the most celebrated ideas that have emerged from this new field. It was realized later on that using continuous-variable quantum information carriers, instead of qubits, constitutes an extremely powerful alternative approach to quantum information processing. This review focuses on continuous-variable quantum information processes that rely on any combination of Gaussian states, Gaussian operations, and Gaussian measurements. Interestingly, such a restriction to the Gaussian realm comes with various benefits, since on the theoretical side, simple analytical tools are available and, on the experimental side, optical components effecting Gaussian processes are readily available in the laboratory. Yet, Gaussian quantum information processing opens the way to a wide variety of tasks and applications, including quantum communication, quantum cryptography, quantum computation, quantum teleportation, and quantum state and channel discrimination. This review reports on the state of the art in this field, ranging from the basic theoretical tools and landmark experimental realizations to the most recent successful developments.