NATURAL PRODUCT DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT - NEW PERSPECTIVES ON INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
NATURAL PRODUCT DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT - NEW PERSPECTIVES ON INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
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DOI：
10.1021/np50123a003
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
TYLER, VE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BAKER, JT;BORRIS, RP;TYLER, VE
直到最近，发达国家的普遍态度是，世界遗传资源主要集中在发展中国家，将其视为人类的共同资源，不论其国籍如何，都可以自由开发。随着热带雨林遭受的破坏以及近年来人们对从自然资源，特别是植物和海洋生物中发现新药物的兴趣重新抬头，国际科学界认识到，如果要充分发掘这些全球遗传资源的潜力，保护这些资源以及与利用这些资源有关的土著知识至关重要。认识到这一点后，人们认识到，必须通过与基因丰富的来源国的科学家和社区合作，并向他们提供公正和公平的补偿，才能实现这些目标。世界上几乎所有国家都签署了《联合国生物多样性公约》，这突出表明需要执行这些政策。在这一审查中，简要讨论了与自然产品科学界的活动和做法有关的《公约》条款。在讨论之后，概述了几个发达国家组织正在实施的国际合作和补偿政策，以及位于生物多样性最丰富地区的一些来源国代表对当前发展的看法。
Until recently, the prevailing attitude in developed nations regarded the world's genetic resources, which are mainly concentrated in the developing world, as a common resource of humankind, to be exploited freely irrespective of national origin. With the devastation being wreaked in the tropical rainforests and the resurgence in interest in recent years in the discovery of novel drugs from natural sources, particularly plants and marine organisms, the international scientific community has realized that the conservation of these global genetic resources and the indigenous knowledge associated with their use are of primary importance if their potential is to be fully explored. With this realization has come a recognition that these goals must be achieved through collaboration with, and fair and equitable compensation of, the scientists and communities of the genetically rich source countries. The signing of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity by nearly all of the world's nations has emphasized the need for the implementation of such policies. In this review, the articles of the Convention of relevance to the activities and practices of the natural products scientific community are briefly discussed. This discussion is followed by a summary of policies for international collaboration and compensation being implemented by several developed country organizations, and the perspectives on the current developments given by representatives of some of the source countries located in the regions of greatest biodiversity.