Gender, professional and non-professional work, and the changing pattern of employment-related inequality in poor self-rated health, 1995-2006 in South Korea.
Gender, professional and non-professional work, and the changing pattern of employment-related inequality in poor self-rated health, 1995-2006 in South Korea.
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DOI：
10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.1.22
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Muntaner, Carles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim, Il Ho;Khang, Young Ho;Muntaner, Carles
目的：我们研究了韩国在过去十年中根据职业位置（专业/非专业）在就业相关健康不平等方面的性别差异变化。方法：数据取自韩国国家统计局1995年、1999年、2003年和2006年进行的4轮韩国社会统计调查。总研究人群为55435名男性和33913名25-64岁的女性员工。雇佣安排分为长期雇佣、定期雇佣和日薪雇佣。结果：根据职业职位（专业/非专业）和性别分层后，观察到与就业相关的健康不平等的不同模式。在专业群体中，自评健康状况较差的绝对和相对就业不平等的差距在韩国1997年经济衰退后更有可能扩大。在非专业群体中，在研究期间，男女之间持续观察到与就业有关的健康不平等的分级模式。然而，按就业地位划分的绝对健康不平等在男子中有所减少，但在妇女中有所增加。此外，女性临时工和日工之间的相对健康不平等显著增加（p = 0.009, < 0.001），但仅限于男性日工之间（p = 0.001）。2003年至2006年期间，女性日工在与就业相关的健康不平等明显扩大（p = 0.047）。特别是1997年韩国的经济衰退似乎加剧了就业保健不平等的差距。结论：我们的研究表明，在专业人群中，与就业状况相关的绝对健康不平等有所增加，而非专业人群中，尤其是女性，与就业状况相关的相对健康不平等有所增加。鉴于女性非标准员工的高度集中，进一步监测不平等应根据员工的职业和就业状况考虑具体的性别模式。
OBJECTIVES: We examined gender differential changes in employment-related health inequalities according to occupational position (professional/nonprofessional) in South Korea during the last decade.METHODS: Data were taken from four rounds of Social Statistical Surveys of South Korea (1995, 1999, 2003, and 2006) from the Korean National Statistics Office. The total study population was 55435 male and 33 913 female employees aged 25-64. Employment arrangements were divided into permanent, fixed-term, and daily employment.RESULTS: After stratification according to occupational position (professional/nonprofessional) and gender, different patterns in employment - related health inequalities were observed. In the professional group, the gaps in absolute and relative employment inequalities for poor self-rated health were more likely to widen following Korea's 1997 economic downturn. In the nonprofessional group, during the study period, graded patterns of employment-related health inequalities were continuously observed in both genders. Absolute health inequalities by employment status, however, decreased among men but increased among women. In addition, a remarkable increase in relative health inequalities was found among female temporary and daily employees (p = 0.009, < 0.001, respectively), but only among male daily employees (p = 0.001). Relative employment-related health inequalities had clearly widened for female daily workers between 2003 and 2006 (p = 0.047). The 1997 Korean economic downturn, in particular, seemingly stimulated a widening gap in employment health inequalities.CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that whereas absolute health inequalities in relation to employment status increased in the professional group, relative employment-related health inequalities increased in the nonprofessional group, especially among women. In view of the high concentration of female nonstandard employees, further monitoring of inequality should consider gender specific patterns according to employee's occupational and employment status.