Common assumptions and methods yield overestimated diffusive timescales, as exemplified in a Yellowstone post-caldera lava

Common assumptions and methods yield overestimated diffusive timescales, as exemplified in a Yellowstone post-caldera lava
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常见的假设和方法会高估扩散时间尺度,如黄石火山口后熔岩所示

DOI:
10.1007/s00410-022-01926-5
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Bose, Maitrayee
Bose, Maitrayee
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brugman, Kara;Till, Christy B.;Bose, Maitrayee

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为了解释黄石火山口现代的动荡,导致其最常见的喷发类型-热液侵位流纹岩-的时间尺度必须被量化。这项工作利用元素在单斜辉石中不同的扩散速率来计算约262百万卡斯卡普湖流纹岩喷发前事件的岩浆时间尺度,结束了 ~ 在这个高硅系统中长达22万年的休眠。在这里,我们提出了扩散计时时间表,解释了各种误差来源,并使用了来自单斜辉石轮缘的纳米SIMS测量的多个元素。我们将这些与之前发表的来自珊瑚岩缘的时间尺度结合起来,以更好地理解同一火山事件中不同矿物捕获的时间尺度之间的关系。我们发现,来自同一熔岩的不同类型斑晶的轮缘记录的时间尺度可能不是相伴的。斯科普湖流纹岩似乎在喷发前5000年在 ~ 上经历了几次年轻化事件,最后一次事件(< 喷发前40年)没有被单斜辉石记录下来。这项工作强调了使用多种方法来确定给定过程的时间刻度的重要性。虽然许多研究仅使用来自BSE图像的Fe-Mg分区来计算扩散时间尺度,但我们表明,如果不参考适当的初始条件,这些时间尺度是最大值或高估。相反,我们证明了在严格的误差传播的情况下,在多个矿物相中使用多个元素进行扩散计时可以产生最稳健和准确的时间结果。此外,我们建议不要孤立地解释扩散测年结果,而应从整体岩石学角度来解释,其中包括考虑相关的相平衡以及晶体生长和溶解速度。
To interpret modern-day unrest at Yellowstone Caldera, timescales leading up to its most common type of eruption—effusively emplaced rhyolite—must be quantified. This work takes advantage of the different rates of elemental diffusion in clinopyroxene to calculate the magmatic timescales of events preceding eruption of the ca. 262 ka Scaup Lake rhyolite, which ended ~ 220,000 years of dormancy in this high-silica system. Here, we present diffusion chronometry timescales accounting for various sources of error and using multiple elements from NanoSIMS measurements of clinopyroxene rims. We combine these with previously published timescales from sanidine rims to better understand the relationship between timescales captured by different minerals from the same volcanic event. We show that timescales archived by rims of different types of phenocrysts from the same lava may not be concomitant. The Scaup Lake rhyolite appears to have undergone several rejuvenation events over ~ 5000 years before its eruption, and the last events (< 40 years before eruption) were not recorded by clinopyroxene. This work highlights the importance of using multiple methods to determine a timescale for a given process. Although many studies use Fe–Mg zonation from BSE images to calculate diffusive timescales alone, we show that these are maximums or overestimates if not referenced to the appropriate initial condition. Instead, we demonstrate that diffusion chronometry conducted with multiple elements in multiple mineral phases with rigorous error propagation produces the most robust and accurate temporal results. In addition, we recommend that diffusion chronometry results not be interpreted in isolation, but rather in a holistic petrological approach that includes consideration of the relevant phase equilibria and crystal growth and dissolution rates.
从大型分异岩浆房中快速提取离散岩浆批次:怀俄明州黄石火山口的中央高原段流纹岩
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