A longitudinal study of substance use and violent victimization in adulthood among a cohort of urban African Americans.
A longitudinal study of substance use and violent victimization in adulthood among a cohort of urban African Americans.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03665.x
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ensminger ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doherty EE;Robertson JA;Green KM;Fothergill KE;Ensminger ME
本文探讨了在青少年时期经历暴力受害对青少年到成年中期物质使用途径的影响。数据来自一个非裔美国人社区队列的四项评估，从6岁到42岁纵向跟踪。1966年，这群人住在芝加哥的伍德劳德社区。来自公立和教区学校的所有一年级学生都被要求参加（N= 1，242）。因变量--酒精、大麻和可卡因的使用--来自42岁时的自我报告。据报告，32岁的年轻人遭受暴力侵害，暴力行为、药物使用、社会融合和社会经济资源也是如此。一级危险因素来自母亲和教师的报告;青少年物质使用是自我报告的。结构方程模型表明，对于女性和那些没有在极端贫困中长大的人来说，从青少年药物使用到年轻成年人暴力受害的途径（betas范围从.15到.20，p<.05）。反过来，在年轻的成年期经历暴力受害增加了酒精，大麻和可卡因的使用，但结果因性别和早期贫困状况而异（贝塔值范围从0.12到0.15，p<0.05）。暴力受害似乎发挥了重要作用，在非洲裔美国人人口中永久使用药物。然而，群体内的差异是明显的，确定那些没有在极端贫困中长大的人是受暴力影响最严重的人。
This article examines the effects of experiencing violent victimization in young adulthood on pathways of substance use from adolescence to mid-adulthood. Data come from four assessments of an African American community cohort followed longitudinally from age 6 to 42. The cohort lived in the urban, disadvantaged Woodlawn neighborhood of Chicago in 1966. All first graders from the public and parochial schools were asked to participate (N=1,242). Dependent variables - alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine use - came from self reports at age 42. Young adult violent victimization was reported at age 32, as were acts of violence, substance use, social integration, and socioeconomic resources. First grade risk factors came from mothers’ and teachers’ reports; adolescent substance use was self reported. Structural equation models indicate a pathway from adolescent substance use to young adult violent victimization for females and those who did not grow up in extreme poverty (betas ranging from .15 to .20, p<.05). In turn, experiencing violent victimization in young adulthood increased alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine use yet results varied by gender and early poverty status (betas ranging from .12 to .15, p<.05). Violent victimization appears to play an important role in perpetuating substance use among the African American population. However, within-group variations are evident, identifying those who are not raised in extreme poverty as the most negatively affected by violence.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
DeLisi, Matt;Jones-Johnson, Gloria;Hochstetler, Andy
通讯作者：
Hochstetler, Andy
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Maume, MO;Ousey, GC;Beaver, K
通讯作者：
Beaver, K
DOI：
10.1097/01.chi.0000070261.24125.f8
发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Ensminger, ME;Hanson, SG;Juon, HS
通讯作者：
Juon, HS
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Duncan, Greg J.;Wilkerson, Bessie;England, Paula
通讯作者：
England, Paula
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
GECAS, V
通讯作者：
GECAS, V