On the exact origin of the pyramidal tracts in man and other mammals.
On the exact origin of the pyramidal tracts in man and other mammals.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/brain/32.1.1
复制
发表时间：
1909-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
May, WP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holmes, G;May, WP
通过尼塞尔方法的一些修改来绘制半球。为了确保准确的结果，显然有必要仅使用锥体束是唯一受损的皮质纤维的情况。如果锥体纤维在延髓水平以上分开，这种情况几乎不可能发生，因为皮质桥束和其他皮质起源的纤维也将不可避免地受到损伤。因此，目前的通讯只能处理进入脊髓的锥体纤维，也就是说，只能处理那些有助于躯干和四肢运动的纤维，以及与运动有关的皮质延髓纤维和上运动神经元，眼睛必须被忽略。人类锥体纤维的起源也被类似地研究在这些纤维束被脊髓的急性横向损伤中断的情况下。由于在其轴柱体缓慢进行性破坏后，反应性细胞变化绝不是那么恒定或那么典型，因此只有锥体损伤急性的情况才被采用，但在以后的通讯中将表明，系统退化或锥体束局部疾病中发生的皮质变化完全证实了本文详述的结论。这项调查是在狗、猫、狐猴、米亚卡克家族的猴子、黑猩猩和人类身上进行的。这些动物在脊髓半切后仍存活二十三天至一百五十七天。其中一名人类病例在事故发生后存活了一百零八天，另外两百二十九天。
hemispheres by some modification of Nissl's method. To insure accurate results it was evidently necessary to use only cases in which the pyramlidal tracts were the only corticofugal fibres injured. This condition would scarcely have been possible if the pyramidal fibres had been divided above the level of the medulla oblongata, as the corticopontine tracts and other fibres of cortical origin would be almnost inevitably injured as well. Consequently the present comllmunication can deal only with the pyramidal fibres that enter the spinal cord that is, only with those subserving the mnovemiients of the trunk and limbs and the corticobulbar fibres and the upper ml-otor neurones concerned in the movenlents, of the eyes must be neglected.The origin of the pyramidal fibres in man was silmilarly investigated in cases in which these tracts were interrupted by acute transverse lesions of the spinal cord. As reactionary cell-changes are by no means so constant or so typical after slowly progressive destruction of their axis-cylinders, only cases in which the pyramidal lesions were acute were emiiployed, but it will be shown in a later comiimunication that the cortical changes that occur in system degeneration or local disease of the pyramidal tracts entirely confirm the conclusions detailed in this paper. The investigation was carried out on dogs, cats, lemurs, monkeys of the miiacaque family, a chimpanzee, and on mnan. The animiials were kept alive after hemiiisection of the spinal cord for periods varying between twenty-three and one hundred and fifty-seven days. Oneof the human cases survived the accident one hundred and eight davs, the other two hundred and twenty-nine days.