Contrasting emergence of Lyme disease across ecosystems.
Contrasting emergence of Lyme disease across ecosystems.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms11882
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发表时间：
2016-06-16
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Viljugrein H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mysterud A;Easterday WR;Stigum VM;Aas AB;Meisingset EL;Viljugrein H
全球环境变化导致莱姆病在欧洲出现。蓖麻硬蜱是莱姆病的蜱传病媒介，其生命周期涉及个体发生生态位的转变，从利用多种宿主的幼虫和若虫阶段，从小型脊椎动物中获取引起莱姆病的病原体，到依赖于较大（非传播）宿主（通常是鹿）的成虫阶段。由于这种复杂性，不同宿主物种在莱姆病出现中的作用仍然存在争议。在这里，通过分析挪威广泛地理范围内人类发病率的长期数据，我们发现鹿的高空间和时间密度都会增加莱姆病的发病率。然而，鹿种群规模的变化轨迹对于该疾病最近的出现总体而言作用有限。我们的研究表明，管理鹿群会对疾病发病率产生一定影响，但由于涉及多个驱动因素，莱姆病可能会增加。 人们认为环境变化导致了最近欧洲莱姆病的出现。 Mysterud 等人利用挪威大片地区十年来的人类疾病发病率数据。研究表明，发病率与鹿群数量相关，但鹿群数量在近期疾病出现中发挥的作用有限。
Global environmental changes are causing Lyme disease to emerge in Europe. The life cycle of Ixodes ricinus, the tick vector of Lyme disease, involves an ontogenetic niche shift, from the larval and nymphal stages utilizing a wide range of hosts, picking up the pathogens causing Lyme disease from small vertebrates, to the adult stage depending on larger (non-transmission) hosts, typically deer. Because of this complexity the role of different host species for emergence of Lyme disease remains controversial. Here, by analysing long-term data on incidence in humans over a broad geographical scale in Norway, we show that both high spatial and temporal deer population density increase Lyme disease incidence. However, the trajectories of deer population sizes play an overall limited role for the recent emergence of the disease. Our study suggests that managing deer populations will have some effect on disease incidence, but that Lyme disease may nevertheless increase as multiple drivers are involved. Environmental change is thought to have driven the recent emergence of Lyme disease in Europe. Using a decade of human disease incidence data across a large area in Norway, Mysterud et al. show that incidence correlates with deer population, but that deer population plays a limited role in recent disease emergence.