Transfer and transport of microplastics from biosolids to agricultural soils and the wider environment
Transfer and transport of microplastics from biosolids to agricultural soils and the wider environment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138334
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Nizzetto, Luca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crossman, Jill;Hurley, Rachel R.;Nizzetto, Luca
2017年4月至11月，在加拿大安大略的两个不同供应商的生物固体和三个农业领域的土壤中分析了微塑料（MP）。还检查了没有生物固体施用史的对照地点的土壤。在生物固体样品中发现了高浓度的MP，在8.7 x 10（3）MP kg（-1）和1.4 x 10（4）MP kg（-1）之间。在供应商2生物固体中观察到的较低MP浓度可能是由于应用前的储存、沉降和上清液去除。估计安大略农业土壤中每年增加的MP在4.1 x 10（11）和1.3 x 10（12）颗粒之间。所有领域接受生物固体有较高的土壤预处理MP浓度比对照组。最大数量的以前的生物固体处理的领域有最高的预处理土壤MP浓度，这表明一些MP保留在土壤中的应用程序之间。紧接着生物固体应用程序，两个领域表现出显着增加土壤MP浓度，优先保留MP纤维片段观察，而减少土壤MP浓度观察在第三。令人惊讶的是，在研究过程中，只有一个领域表现出土壤MP的净增益。在所有这三个领域，2017年用于生物固体的MP中有99%以上下落不明。该研究表明，尽管遵守适用的立法，但所有地点的生物固体应用可能导致MP出口率很高。这项研究是第一个跟踪MP运输通过土壤后，他们在生物固体中的应用，并有助于填补目前的知识空白，关于出口的MP从陆地环境到水生系统。(C)2020年，任作家。由爱思唯尔公司出版
Between April to November of 2017, microplastics (MPs) were analysed in biosolids from two separate suppliers, and in the soils of three agricultural fields to which they were applied, in Ontario, Canada. Soils of a control site with no history of biosolid application were also examined. High MP concentrations of between 8.7 x 10(3) MP kg(-1) and 1.4 x 10(4) MP kg(-1) were found in biosolids samples. Lower MP concentrations observed in Provider 2 biosolids may be due to storage, settling and supernatant removal prior to applications. Annual MP additions to agricultural soils across Ontario were estimated at between 4.1 x 10(11) and 1.3 x 10(12) particles. All fields receiving biosolids had higher soil pre-treatment MP concentrations than the control. The field with the greatest number of previous biosolid treatments had the highest pre-treatment soil MP concentrations; suggesting some MP retention in soils between applications. Immediately following biosolids applications, two fields demonstrated significant increases in soil MP concentrations, with preferential retention of MP fibers over fragments observed, while a reduction in soil MP concentrations were observed in the third. Surprisingly, only one field demonstrated a net gain in soil MPs over the course of the study. At all three fields, >99% of MPs applied in biosolids in 2017 were unaccounted for. The study suggests that despite adhering to applicable legislation, biosolids applications at all sites likely result in high rates of MP export. This study is the first to track MP transport through soils following their application in biosolids, and contributes to filling current knowledge gaps regarding export of MPs to aquatic systems from the terrestrial environment. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.